महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-18, verse-5

मया गोकर्णमासाद्य तपस्तप्त्वा शतं समाः ।
अयोनिजानां दान्तानां धर्मज्ञानां सुवर्चसाम् ॥५॥

5. mayā gokarṇamāsādya tapastaptvā śataṁ samāḥ ,
ayonijānāṁ dāntānāṁ dharmajñānāṁ suvarcasām.

5. mayā gokarṇam āsādya tapaḥ taptvā śatam samāḥ
ayonijānām dāntānām dharmajñānām suvarcasām

5. mayā gokarṇam āsādya śatam samāḥ tapaḥ taptvā
ayonijānām dāntānām dharmajñānām suvarcasām

5. By me, having reached Gokarna and performed austerity (tapas) for a hundred years, (of the) not-womb-born, self-controlled, knowledgeable in natural law (dharma), and resplendent ones.

Words meanings summery:

• मया (mayā) - By me (the speaker, a king or sage). (by me)

• गोकर्णम् (gokarṇam) - To the holy pilgrimage site of Gokarna. (to Gokarna (a holy place))

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - Having reached (Gokarna). (having reached, having obtained, having approached)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - Austerity (tapas). (austerity, penance, heat)

• तप्त्वा (taptvā) - Having performed (austerity). (having performed, having practiced, having heated)

• शतम् (śatam) - A hundred (years). (a hundred)

• समाः (samāḥ) - For a hundred years. (years)

• अयोनिजानाम् (ayonijānām) - Of those who were not born from a womb. (of the not-womb-born, of the unoriginated)

• दान्तानाम् (dāntānām) - Of those who are disciplined in their senses and minds. (of the self-controlled, of the disciplined)

• धर्मज्ञानाम् (dharmajñānām) - Of those who understand and uphold natural law (dharma). (of the knowers of natural law (dharma))

• सुवर्चसाम् (suvarcasām) - Of those possessing great splendor. (of the very radiant, of the glorious)

Words meanings and morphology

मया (mayā) - By me (the speaker, a king or sage). (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

गोकर्णम् (gokarṇam) - To the holy pilgrimage site of Gokarna. (to Gokarna (a holy place))

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gokarṇa

gokarṇa - Gokarna (name of a holy place, literally "cow's ear")

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+karṇa)

• go – cow, ox, earth
  noun (feminine)
• karṇa – ear, helm (of a ship)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Accusative indicating destination.

आसाद्य (āsādya) - Having reached (Gokarna). (having reached, having obtained, having approached)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root SAD (to sit, go) with upasarga Ā + suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

तपः (tapaḥ) - Austerity (tapas). (austerity, penance, heat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - religious austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

तप्त्वा (taptvā) - Having performed (austerity). (having performed, having practiced, having heated)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root TAP (to heat, perform austerity) + suffix -tvā.

Root: tap (class 1)

शतम् (śatam) - A hundred (years). (a hundred)

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with `samāḥ` (years) in number/case, though `śata` itself is usually neuter singular.

समाः (samāḥ) - For a hundred years. (years)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of samā

samā - year, season

Note: Duration in accusative case.

अयोनिजानाम् (ayonijānām) - Of those who were not born from a womb. (of the not-womb-born, of the unoriginated)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ayonija

ayonija - not womb-born, produced without natural generation

a (negation) + yoni (womb) + ja (born from)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+yoni+ja)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• yoni – womb, source, origin
  noun (feminine)
• ja – born, produced
  adjective (masculine)
  From root JAN (to be born), suffix -a
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Part of a series of adjectives in genitive plural.

दान्तानाम् (dāntānām) - Of those who are disciplined in their senses and minds. (of the self-controlled, of the disciplined)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dānta

dānta - self-controlled, disciplined, subdued, tranquil

Past Passive Participle

From root DAM (to tame, subdue).

Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Functions as an adjective here.

धर्मज्ञानाम् (dharmajñānām) - Of those who understand and uphold natural law (dharma). (of the knowers of natural law (dharma))

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharmajña

dharmajña - knowing natural law (dharma), righteous, just

dharma (natural law) + jña (knower)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, aware of
  adjective (masculine)
  From root JÑĀ (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

सुवर्चसाम् (suvarcasām) - Of those possessing great splendor. (of the very radiant, of the glorious)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of suvarcas

suvarcas - very radiant, glorious, brilliant

su (good/well) + varcas (splendor/radiance)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+varcas)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  prefix
• varcas – splendor, luster, brilliance, vital energy
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛj (class 7)

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