महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-18, verse-4

चतुःशीर्षस्ततः प्राह शक्रस्य दयितः सखा ।
आलम्बायन इत्येव विश्रुतः करुणात्मकः ॥४॥

4. catuḥśīrṣastataḥ prāha śakrasya dayitaḥ sakhā ,
ālambāyana ityeva viśrutaḥ karuṇātmakaḥ.

4. caturśīrṣaḥ tataḥ prāha śakrasya dayitaḥ sakhā
ālambāyanaḥ iti eva viśrutaḥ karuṇātmakaḥ

4. tataḥ caturśīrṣaḥ śakrasya dayitaḥ sakhā
ālambāyanaḥ iti eva viśrutaḥ karuṇātmakaḥ prāha

4. Then, the four-headed one, the beloved friend of Indra (Śakra), renowned as Ālambāyana and compassionate by nature, spoke.

Words meanings summery:

• चतुर्शीर्षः (caturśīrṣaḥ) - The four-headed one, likely referring to Brahma or a similar divine being. (four-headed)

• ततः (tataḥ) - Then, next in sequence. (then, thence, therefore)

• प्राह (prāha) - He (the four-headed one) spoke. (he said, he spoke)

• शक्रस्य (śakrasya) - Of Indra. (of Śakra, of Indra)

• दयितः (dayitaḥ) - Beloved (friend). (beloved, dear, liked)

• सखा (sakhā) - Friend. (friend, companion)

• आलम्बायनः (ālambāyanaḥ) - The sage named Ālambāyana. (Ālambāyana (a proper name))

• इति (iti) - Signifies what follows is a name or description. (thus, so, in this way (introduces or closes a quote))

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the name. (indeed, only, just, quite)

• विश्रुतः (viśrutaḥ) - Well-known by this name. (renowned, famous, well-known)

• करुणात्मकः (karuṇātmakaḥ) - Possessing a compassionate nature. (compassionate, benevolent, whose nature is compassion)

Words meanings and morphology

चतुर्शीर्षः (caturśīrṣaḥ) - The four-headed one, likely referring to Brahma or a similar divine being. (four-headed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of caturśīrṣa

caturśīrṣa - having four heads, four-headed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (catur+śīrṣa)

• catur – four
  numeral
• śīrṣa – head, top, summit
  noun (neuter)

ततः (tataḥ) - Then, next in sequence. (then, thence, therefore)

(indeclinable)

derived from tad (that) + suffix -tas

प्राह (prāha) - He (the four-headed one) spoke. (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pra-ah

perfect active indicative 3rd person singular

Derived from root AH (to say) with upasarga PRA.

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

शक्रस्य (śakrasya) - Of Indra. (of Śakra, of Indra)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Śakra (name of Indra), mighty, powerful

दयितः (dayitaḥ) - Beloved (friend). (beloved, dear, liked)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dayita

dayita - beloved, dear, liked

Past Passive Participle

From root DAY (to love, be compassionate).

Root: day (class 1)

सखा (sakhā) - Friend. (friend, companion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion, ally

आलम्बायनः (ālambāyanaḥ) - The sage named Ālambāyana. (Ālambāyana (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ālambāyana

ālambāyana - Ālambāyana (a specific name, often of a sage or deity)

इति (iti) - Signifies what follows is a name or description. (thus, so, in this way (introduces or closes a quote))

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the name. (indeed, only, just, quite)

(indeclinable)

विश्रुतः (viśrutaḥ) - Well-known by this name. (renowned, famous, well-known)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśruta

viśruta - renowned, famous, heard, known

Past Passive Participle

From root ŚRU (to hear) with upasarga VI.

Prefix: vi

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Functions as an adjective here.

करुणात्मकः (karuṇātmakaḥ) - Possessing a compassionate nature. (compassionate, benevolent, whose nature is compassion)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karuṇātmaka

karuṇātmaka - compassionate, benevolent, made of compassion, whose nature is compassion

From karuṇā (compassion) + ātman (self/nature) + -ka (suffix)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karuṇā+ātman)

• karuṇā – compassion, pity
  noun (feminine)
• ātman – self, soul, nature, essence
  noun (masculine)