महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-18, verse-39

कौशिकेनाभ्यनुज्ञातं पुत्रं वेदविभूषितम् ।
न तात तरुणं दान्तं पिता त्वां पश्यतेऽनघ ॥३९॥

39. kauśikenābhyanujñātaṁ putraṁ vedavibhūṣitam ,
na tāta taruṇaṁ dāntaṁ pitā tvāṁ paśyate'nagha.

39. kauśikena abhyanujñātam putram vedavibhūṣitam
na tāta taruṇam dāntam pitā tvām paśyate anagha

39. tāta anagha pitā tvām kauśikena abhyanujñātam
vedavibhūṣitam taruṇam dāntam putram na paśyate

39. O dear one, O sinless one, your father does not see you—a son who has received permission from Kauśika (Viśvāmitra), who is adorned with Vedic knowledge, who is young and self-controlled.

Words meanings summery:

• कौशिकेन (kauśikena) - by the sage Viśvāmitra (by Kauśika, by Viśvāmitra)

• अभ्यनुज्ञातम् (abhyanujñātam) - permitted by Kauśika (permitted, having received permission)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - Gālava (the speaker's son) (son)

• वेदविभूषितम् (vedavibhūṣitam) - adorned with Vedic knowledge, embellished with the Vedas

• न (na) - not, no

• तात (tāta) - O dear Gālava (used by a mother to her son) (O dear one, O child, O father)

• तरुणम् (taruṇam) - young, youthful

• दान्तम् (dāntam) - self-controlled, disciplined, subdued

• पिता (pitā) - Gālava's father (father)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - Gālava (you)

• पश्यते (paśyate) - sees, beholds

• अनघ (anagha) - O Gālava (O sinless one, O faultless one)

Words meanings and morphology

कौशिकेन (kauśikena) - by the sage Viśvāmitra (by Kauśika, by Viśvāmitra)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kauśika

kauśika - descendant of Kuśika, an epithet of Viśvāmitra

अभ्यनुज्ञातम् (abhyanujñātam) - permitted by Kauśika (permitted, having received permission)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhyanujñāta

abhyanujñāta - permitted, allowed, assented to

past passive participle

from root `jñā` (to know) with prefixes `abhi` and `anu`

Prefixes: abhi+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

पुत्रम् (putram) - Gālava (the speaker's son) (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of `paśyate`.

वेदविभूषितम् (vedavibhūṣitam) - adorned with Vedic knowledge, embellished with the Vedas

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vedavibhūṣita

vedavibhūṣita - adorned with Vedic knowledge, having the Vedas as ornament

Compound: `Veda` + `vibhūṣita`

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (veda+vibhūṣita)

• veda – Veda, sacred knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• vibhūṣita – adorned, decorated, embellished
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from root `bhūṣ` (to adorn) with prefix `vi`
  Prefix: vi
  Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with `putram`.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तात (tāta) - O dear Gālava (used by a mother to her son) (O dear one, O child, O father)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - dear one, child, father (term of endearment)

तरुणम् (taruṇam) - young, youthful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of taruṇa

taruṇa - young, youthful, tender

Root: tṛ (class 1)

दान्तम् (dāntam) - self-controlled, disciplined, subdued

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dānta

dānta - self-controlled, subdued, disciplined, calm

past passive participle

from root `dam` (to tame, to control)

Root: dam (class 4)

पिता (pitā) - Gālava's father (father)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Subject of `paśyate`.

त्वाम् (tvām) - Gālava (you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Object of `paśyate`.

पश्यते (paśyate) - sees, beholds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of dṛś

present middle

root `dṛś` (class 1) takes `paśya` stem in present system, middle voice ending `te`

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अनघ (anagha) - O Gālava (O sinless one, O faultless one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, faultless, pure, blameless

`a-` (negative) + `agha` (sin)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+agha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• agha – sin, evil, distress, fault
  noun (neuter)