महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-18, verse-20

तस्य वाक्यस्य निधने पार्थ जातो ह्यहं मृगः ।
ततो मां शरणं प्राप्तं प्राह योगी महेश्वरः ॥२०॥

20. tasya vākyasya nidhane pārtha jāto hyahaṁ mṛgaḥ ,
tato māṁ śaraṇaṁ prāptaṁ prāha yogī maheśvaraḥ.

20. tasya vākyasya nidhane pārtha jātaḥ hi aham mṛgaḥ
tataḥ mām śaraṇam prāptam prāha yogī maheśvaraḥ

20. pārtha tasya vākyasya nidhane aham mṛgaḥ hi jātaḥ
tataḥ śaraṇam prāptam mām yogī maheśvaraḥ prāha

20. O Pārtha, at the conclusion of his statement, I was indeed born as a deer. Then, the great lord, the yogi (maheśvara), spoke to me, who had sought refuge.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of his (statement) (of that, of him/it)

• वाक्यस्य (vākyasya) - of the statement (of the speech, of the statement, of the word)

• निधने (nidhane) - at the conclusion (in the end, in the conclusion, in the destruction, in the placement)

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (O son of Pṛthā, O Arjuna)

• जातः (jātaḥ) - born (born, produced, become)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• मृगः (mṛgaḥ) - deer (deer, animal, wild animal)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, therefore)

• माम् (mām) - me

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge (refuge, protection, shelter)

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - who had sought/obtained (refuge) (obtained, reached, attained)

• प्राह (prāha) - spoke (he said, he spoke)

• योगी (yogī) - the yogi (a yogi, an ascetic, one who practices yoga (yoga))

• महेश्वरः (maheśvaraḥ) - the great lord (maheśvara) (Great Lord (an epithet for Śiva))

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of his (statement) (of that, of him/it)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the speaker of the previous statement.

वाक्यस्य (vākyasya) - of the statement (of the speech, of the statement, of the word)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, statement

Derived from √vac (to speak).

Root: vac

निधने (nidhane) - at the conclusion (in the end, in the conclusion, in the destruction, in the placement)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - end, conclusion, destruction, deposit

From ni-√dhā (to place down, to deposit, to end).

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (O son of Pṛthā, O Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā + aṇ suffix.

जातः (jātaḥ) - born (born, produced, become)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, become

Past Passive Participle

From √jan (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Functions as an adjective modifying 'aham'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Particle emphasizing the statement.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

Note: The speaker is typically male in these narratives.

मृगः (mṛgaḥ) - deer (deer, animal, wild animal)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛga

mṛga - deer, wild animal, gazelle

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Avyaya formed from 'tad'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

Note: Object of `prāha` and qualified by `prāptam`.

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge (refuge, protection, shelter)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, protection, shelter, home

From √śṛ (to crush, break) or √śṝ (to go, to move).

Root: śṛ/śṝ (class 9)

Note: Object of `prāptam`, implying 'having attained refuge'.

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - who had sought/obtained (refuge) (obtained, reached, attained)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, attained, arrived

Past Passive Participle

From pra-√āp (to reach, obtain).

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Functions as an adjective modifying 'mām'.

प्राह (prāha) - spoke (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pra-ah

Perfect tense

Root ah, used in perfect tense, often irregular.

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

योगी (yogī) - the yogi (a yogi, an ascetic, one who practices yoga (yoga))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yogin

yogin - one who practices yoga (yoga), an ascetic, a meditator

From yoga (yoga) + in suffix.

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to Maheśvara (Śiva).

महेश्वरः (maheśvaraḥ) - the great lord (maheśvara) (Great Lord (an epithet for Śiva))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheśvara

maheśvara - Great Lord (epithet of Śiva, sometimes Viṣṇu)

Compound of mahā (great) + īśvara (lord).

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahā+īśvara)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  From √īś (to rule, to be master of).
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Subject of `prāha`.