योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-87, verse-40

तेनाहंप्रत्ययेनाथ शब्दं कर्तुं प्रवृत्तवान् ।
शून्य एव यथा सुप्तः स्वप्नोड्डीननरो रवम् ॥ ४० ॥

tenāhaṃpratyayenātha śabdaṃ kartuṃ pravṛttavān ,
śūnya eva yathā suptaḥ svapnoḍḍīnanaro ravam 40

40. tena ahampratyayena atha śabdam kartum pravṛttavān
śūnyaḥ eva yathā suptaḥ svapna udḍīnana naraḥ ravam

40. atha tena ahampratyayena śabdam kartum pravṛttavān
yathā śūnyaḥ eva suptaḥ svapna udḍīnana naraḥ ravam

40. Then, with that conviction of 'I' (ahaṃpratyaya), I began to produce a sound, just as a sleeping person, though void (of physical presence), makes a sound (ravam) like a man flying in a dream.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by that, with that, by him/it

• अहम्प्रत्ययेन (ahampratyayena) - by the ego-sense, by the conviction of 'I'

• अथ (atha) - then, afterwards, now

• शब्दम् (śabdam) - sound, word

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to make, to do, to perform

• प्रवृत्तवान् (pravṛttavān) - began, undertook, proceeded

• शून्यः (śūnyaḥ) - empty, void, null, devoid

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

• सुप्तः (suptaḥ) - a sleeping person (dreaming) (sleeping, one who has slept (a sleeping person))

• स्वप्न (svapna) - dream, sleep

• उद्डीनन (udḍīnana) - flying, flight, soaring

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

• रवम् (ravam) - sound, cry, roar

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that, with that, by him/it

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अहम्प्रत्ययेन (ahampratyayena) - by the ego-sense, by the conviction of 'I'

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ahampratyaya

ahampratyaya - ego-sense, self-consciousness, the idea of 'I'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aham+pratyaya)

• aham – I
  pronoun
• pratyaya – conviction, belief, idea, perception
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: prati
  Root: i (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, afterwards, now

(indeclinable)

शब्दम् (śabdam) - sound, word

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, voice, noise

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to make, to do, to perform

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रवृत्तवान् (pravṛttavān) - began, undertook, proceeded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravṛttavat

pravṛttavat - one who has begun, undertaken, proceeded; having started

Past Active Participle

Derived from root vṛt (to turn, exist) with prefix pra (forth) + -tavat suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Used as a predicate to 'aham'

शून्यः (śūnyaḥ) - empty, void, null, devoid

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūnya

śūnya - empty, void, null, devoid, non-existent

Note: Refers to the 'suptaḥ naraḥ'

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

(indeclinable)

सुप्तः (suptaḥ) - a sleeping person (dreaming) (sleeping, one who has slept (a sleeping person))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of supta

supta - slept, asleep, sleeping (person)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root svap (to sleep)

Root: svap (class 2)

स्वप्न (svapna) - dream, sleep

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - dream, sleep, delusion

Derived from root svap (to sleep)

Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Could be part of a compound or locative for 'in a dream'.

उद्डीनन (udḍīnana) - flying, flight, soaring

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udḍīnana

udḍīnana - flying, flight, soaring

verbal noun

Derived from root ḍī (to fly) with prefix ut (up, out)

Prefix: ut

Root: ḍī (class 4)

Note: Used here adjectivally to describe 'naraḥ', forming a compound 'svapnodḍīnanaraḥ'.

नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

रवम् (ravam) - sound, cry, roar

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rava

rava - sound, cry, roar, noise

Derived from root ru (to cry, roar)

Root: ru (class 2)