योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-159, verse-53

अदुःखमक्षयत्वात्तदतो दुःखं क्व कस्यचित् ।
वाच्यं सवाचकं सर्वं यत्र चिद्व्योममात्रकम् ॥ ५३ ॥

aduḥkhamakṣayatvāttadato duḥkhaṃ kva kasyacit ,
vācyaṃ savācakaṃ sarvaṃ yatra cidvyomamātrakam 53

53. aduḥkham akṣayatvāt tat ataḥ duḥkham kva kasyacit
| vācyam sa vācakam sarvam yatra cit vyoma mātrakaṁ

53. tat akṣayatvāt aduḥkham ataḥ kva kasyacit duḥkham
yatra cit vyoma mātrakaṁ vācyam sa vācakam sarvam

53. That (consciousness) is without suffering (aduḥkha) due to its imperishability. Therefore, where is suffering for anyone? In that state where all that is expressible (vācya) along with its expressor (vācaka) is merely the expanse of consciousness (cit-vyoma).

Words meanings summery:

• अदुःखम् (aduḥkham) - without suffering (aduḥkha) (without suffering, painless, happiness)

• अक्षयत्वात् (akṣayatvāt) - due to its imperishability (due to imperishability, on account of inexhaustibility)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to consciousness/reality) (that, it)

• अतः (ataḥ) - therefore (therefore, hence, from this)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (suffering, pain, misery)

• क्व (kva) - where (rhetorical question implying 'nowhere') (where, in what place, when)

• कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - of anyone (of anyone, of someone)

• वाच्यम् (vācyam) - all that is expressible (vācya) (to be spoken, expressible, what is said)

• स (sa) - along with (with, along with)

• वाचकम् (vācakam) - its expressor (expressor, designator, word)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (all, whole, every)

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which (state) (where, in which)

• चित् (cit) - consciousness (cit) (consciousness, thought, pure awareness)

• व्योम (vyoma) - expanse, space (sky, atmosphere, space, ether)

• मात्रकं (mātrakaṁ) - merely, consisting only of (mere, only, consisting only of)

Words meanings and morphology

अदुःखम् (aduḥkham) - without suffering (aduḥkha) (without suffering, painless, happiness)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aduḥkha

aduḥkha - without pain or sorrow, painless, happy, happiness

Derived from 'a' (negation) + 'duḥkha' (suffering)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+duḥkha)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery, unhappiness
  noun (neuter)

अक्षयत्वात् (akṣayatvāt) - due to its imperishability (due to imperishability, on account of inexhaustibility)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of akṣayatva

akṣayatva - imperishability, inexhaustibility, immortality

Derived from 'akṣaya' (imperishable) + 'tva' (abstract suffix)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣaya)

• akṣaya – imperishable, undecaying, inexhaustible
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'a' (negation) + root 'kṣi' (to decay, perish) + suffix '-ya'
  Root: kṣi (class 1)
• tva – the state or quality of being (suffix)
  suffix (neuter)
  Abstract noun suffix

तत् (tat) - that (referring to consciousness/reality) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it, he, she

अतः (ataḥ) - therefore (therefore, hence, from this)

(indeclinable)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (suffering, pain, misery)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, misery, unhappiness

क्व (kva) - where (rhetorical question implying 'nowhere') (where, in what place, when)

(indeclinable)

कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - of anyone (of anyone, of someone)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, something, anyone, anything (indefinite pronoun)

Compound of 'ka' (who) + 'cid' (indefinite particle)

वाच्यम् (vācyam) - all that is expressible (vācya) (to be spoken, expressible, what is said)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vācya

vācya - to be spoken, expressible, enunciated, what is said, meaning

Gerundive (karmaṇi kṛtya)

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak) + suffix '-ya'

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Used here substantively.

स (sa) - along with (with, along with)

(prefix)

Note: Forms a compound with 'vācakam'.

वाचकम् (vācakam) - its expressor (expressor, designator, word)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vācaka

vācaka - an expressor, a word, what expresses, speaking, telling

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak) + suffix '-aka'

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Forms part of the compound 'savācakam'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (all, whole, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every, entire

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which (state) (where, in which)

(indeclinable)

चित् (cit) - consciousness (cit) (consciousness, thought, pure awareness)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of cit

cit - consciousness, thought, understanding, pure awareness

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Forms part of a compound 'citvyoma'.

व्योम (vyoma) - expanse, space (sky, atmosphere, space, ether)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyoman

vyoman - sky, atmosphere, space, ether, the void

Note: Forms part of the compound 'citvyoma'.

मात्रकं (mātrakaṁ) - merely, consisting only of (mere, only, consisting only of)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mātraka

mātraka - mere, only, consisting only of, small, a little

Derived from 'mātra' + suffix '-ka'

Note: Used here as a substantive (noun) meaning 'that which is merely...'.

Previous Verse Next Verse