योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-53, verse-40

चित्तं पूर्वं पुरस्ताच्च चिद्देशं शान्तमित्यपि ।
सदसद्वा खलीनं मध्येऽस्मिन्किं तवोदितम् ॥ ४० ॥

cittaṃ pūrvaṃ purastācca ciddeśaṃ śāntamityapi ,
sadasadvā khalīnaṃ madhye'sminkiṃ tavoditam 40

40. cittam pūrvam purastāt ca citdeśam śāntam iti api
sat asat vā khalīnam madhye asmin kim tava uditam

40. cittam pūrvam ca purastāt (asti).
(tat) citdeśam śāntam iti api (proktam).
sat vā asat vā khalīnam (ca).
asmin madhye tava kim uditam?

40. The mind (cittam) is said to exist both before (pūrvam) and beyond (purastāt) [the present moment], being the realm of pure consciousness (cidddeśam), tranquil (śāntam), and so forth. Whether it is truly existent (sat), non-existent (asat), or constrained (khalīnam), what is it that you perceive or declare (uditam) to be in this 'middle' (madhye)?

Words meanings summery:

• चित्तम् (cittam) - The mental faculty or the subtle aspect of consciousness. (mind, consciousness, thought)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - Referring to existence prior to the present moment. (before, formerly, eastward)

• पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - Referring to existence subsequent to the present moment. (in front of, beyond, after)

• च (ca) - and, also

• चित्देशम् (citdeśam) - the realm of consciousness, the region of thought

• शान्तम् (śāntam) - peaceful, tranquil, calm, quieted

• इति (iti) - Used to indicate that the preceding descriptions are how the mind is spoken of or considered. (thus, so, indicating a quote or idea)

• अपि (api) - Implies 'also' or 'and other similar qualities'. (also, even, too, and so forth)

• सत् (sat) - Refers to the ultimate reality or that which is truly existent. (existent, real, true, good, being)

• असत् (asat) - Refers to that which is not real or non-existent. (non-existent, unreal, false, non-being)

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• खलीनम् (khalīnam) - Describing the mind as being held in check or subject to limitations. (bridled, restrained, controlled, subject to a bit)

• मध्ये (madhye) - Refers to the present moment, contrasted with the 'before' and 'beyond'. (in the middle, in the midst)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this, on this

• किम् (kim) - An interrogative, asking what is asserted about this 'middle' state. (what, which)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• उदितम् (uditam) - What is declared or put forth by you (tava) regarding the middle state. (risen, appeared, said, declared)

Words meanings and morphology

चित्तम् (cittam) - The mental faculty or the subtle aspect of consciousness. (mind, consciousness, thought)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, consciousness, thought, heart

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'cit' (to perceive, think).

Root: cit (class 1)

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - Referring to existence prior to the present moment. (before, formerly, eastward)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pūrva

pūrva - former, prior, earlier, eastern, first

Note: Functions adverbially or as an adjective for 'cittam'.

पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - Referring to existence subsequent to the present moment. (in front of, beyond, after)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

चित्देशम् (citdeśam) - the realm of consciousness, the region of thought

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citdeśa

citdeśa - realm of consciousness, region of thought

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cit+deśa)

• cit – consciousness, thought, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  Root: cit (class 1)
• deśa – place, region, realm, country
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'cittam'.

शान्तम् (śāntam) - peaceful, tranquil, calm, quieted

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śānta

śānta - calm, tranquil, peaceful, pacified, quieted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root 'śam' (to be calm, pacified).

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'cittam'.

इति (iti) - Used to indicate that the preceding descriptions are how the mind is spoken of or considered. (thus, so, indicating a quote or idea)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - Implies 'also' or 'and other similar qualities'. (also, even, too, and so forth)

(indeclinable)

सत् (sat) - Refers to the ultimate reality or that which is truly existent. (existent, real, true, good, being)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sat

sat - existent, real, true, good, being

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of the root 'as' (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'cittam'.

असत् (asat) - Refers to that which is not real or non-existent. (non-existent, unreal, false, non-being)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, false, non-being

Negative compound of 'sat'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sat)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• sat – existent, real, being
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Present active participle of the root 'as' (to be).
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'cittam'.

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

खलीनम् (khalīnam) - Describing the mind as being held in check or subject to limitations. (bridled, restrained, controlled, subject to a bit)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of khalīna

khalīna - bridled, curbed, restrained; a bridle, bit

Note: Agrees with 'cittam'.

मध्ये (madhye) - Refers to the present moment, contrasted with the 'before' and 'beyond'. (in the middle, in the midst)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, central, intermediate, present

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this, on this

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'madhye'.

किम् (kim) - An interrogative, asking what is asserted about this 'middle' state. (what, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

उदितम् (uditam) - What is declared or put forth by you (tava) regarding the middle state. (risen, appeared, said, declared)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udita

udita - risen, appeared, said, spoken, declared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root 'vad' (to speak) with prefix 'ud'.

Prefix: ud

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Acts as a nominal in apposition to 'kim'.