योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-53, verse-29

मरणं जीवितोपान्तं जीवितं मरणान्तगम् ।
भावोऽभावाद्व्यवच्छिन्नः कष्टेयं दुःखवेदना ॥ २९ ॥

maraṇaṃ jīvitopāntaṃ jīvitaṃ maraṇāntagam ,
bhāvo'bhāvādvyavacchinnaḥ kaṣṭeyaṃ duḥkhavedanā 29

29. maraṇaṃ jīvitopāntam jīvitaṃ maraṇāntagam bhāvaḥ
abhāvāt vyavacchinnaḥ kaṣṭā iyam duḥkhavedanā

29. maraṇaṃ jīvitopāntam,
jīvitaṃ maraṇāntagam.
bhāvaḥ abhāvāt vyavacchinnaḥ.
iyam kaṣṭā duḥkhavedanā [asti].

29. Death is the conclusion of life, and life inevitably leads to death. Existence (bhāva) is distinct from non-existence (abhāva). This painful cycle of suffering (duḥkha) is truly distressing.

Words meanings summery:

• मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

• जीवितोपान्तम् (jīvitopāntam) - ending in life, having life as its end

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, existence

• मरणान्तगम् (maraṇāntagam) - going to the end of death, ending in death

• भावः (bhāvaḥ) - existence, state of being (existence, state of being, nature, emotion)

• अभावात् (abhāvāt) - from non-existence, from absence

• व्यवच्छिन्नः (vyavacchinnaḥ) - separated, distinct (cut off, separated, distinct)

• कष्टा (kaṣṭā) - distressing, painful (painful, difficult, distressed, bad)

• इयम् (iyam) - this, this one

• दुःखवेदना (duḥkhavedanā) - painful cycle of suffering (feeling of suffering, painful sensation)

Words meanings and morphology

मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, dying, decease; killing

action noun

Derived from root mṛ (to die), suffix -ana.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

जीवितोपान्तम् (jīvitopāntam) - ending in life, having life as its end

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jīvitopānta

jīvitopānta - having life as its end, ending in life

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jīvita+upānta)

• jīvita – life, existence; living; livelihood
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root jīv (to live).
  Root: jīv (class 1)
• upānta – near, proximate; end, edge, vicinity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'maraṇam'.

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, existence

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, existence; living; livelihood

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jīv (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

मरणान्तगम् (maraṇāntagam) - going to the end of death, ending in death

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of maraṇāntaga

maraṇāntaga - ending in death, leading to death

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (maraṇa+anta+ga)

• maraṇa – death, dying
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  Derived from root mṛ (to die).
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, residing in
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix for agent
  Derived from root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'jīvitam'.

भावः (bhāvaḥ) - existence, state of being (existence, state of being, nature, emotion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāva

bhāva - existence, being, state, nature, disposition, feeling, emotion

action noun

Derived from root bhū (to be, become).

Root: bhū (class 1)

अभावात् (abhāvāt) - from non-existence, from absence

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of abhāva

abhāva - non-existence, absence, annihilation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+bhāva)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• bhāva – existence, being, state, nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

व्यवच्छिन्नः (vyavacchinnaḥ) - separated, distinct (cut off, separated, distinct)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyavacchinna

vyavacchinna - cut off, separated, interrupted, distinct

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root chid (to cut) with upasargas vi and ava.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'bhāvaḥ'.

कष्टा (kaṣṭā) - distressing, painful (painful, difficult, distressed, bad)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kaṣṭa

kaṣṭa - difficult, painful, bad, miserable, grievous

Note: Agrees with 'duḥkhavedanā'.

इयम् (iyam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

दुःखवेदना (duḥkhavedanā) - painful cycle of suffering (feeling of suffering, painful sensation)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of duḥkhavedanā

duḥkhavedanā - feeling of pain, painful sensation, suffering

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+vedanā)

• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery, sorrow
  noun (neuter)
• vedanā – sensation, feeling, perception; pain
  noun (feminine)
  action noun
  Derived from root vid (to know, feel).
  Root: vid (class 6)