योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-53, verse-38

अस्मिन्क्षणपरिस्पन्दे देहे विसरणोन्मुखे ।
तरङ्गे च निबद्धास्था ये हतास्ते कुबुद्धयः ॥ ३८ ॥

asminkṣaṇaparispande dehe visaraṇonmukhe ,
taraṅge ca nibaddhāsthā ye hatāste kubuddhayaḥ 38

38. asmin kṣaṇaparispande dehe visaraṇonmukhe
taraṅge ca nibaddhāsthā ye hatāḥ te kubuddhayaḥ

38. ye asmin kṣaṇaparispande visaraṇonmukhe dehe ca taraṅge nibaddhāsthāḥ,
te hatāḥ kubuddhayaḥ

38. Those whose attachment is fixed upon this body, which is transient (kṣaṇaparispande) and destined to decay (visaraṇonmukhe), and upon things as ephemeral as waves (taraṅge), they are indeed unfortunate and possess a misguided intellect (kubuddhayaḥ).

Words meanings summery:

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this, on this

• क्षणपरिस्पन्दे (kṣaṇaparispande) - in momentary vibration, in transient movement, in a fleeting state

• देहे (dehe) - in the body, on the body

• विसरणोन्मुखे (visaraṇonmukhe) - in that which is tending to dissolution, in that prone to decay

• तरङ्गे (taraṅge) - Refers to the transient and fleeting nature of worldly phenomena, like waves on water. (in a wave, on a wave)

• च (ca) - and, also

• निबद्धास्था (nibaddhāsthā) - whose attachment is fixed, having fixed interest

• ये (ye) - those who, which (plural masculine)

• हताः (hatāḥ) - Refers to those who are spiritually lost or miserable due to their misguided intellect. (slain, ruined, unfortunate, lost)

• ते (te) - they, those

• कुबुद्धयः (kubuddhayaḥ) - of misguided intellect, foolish, evil-minded persons

Words meanings and morphology

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this, on this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'dehe'.

क्षणपरिस्पन्दे (kṣaṇaparispande) - in momentary vibration, in transient movement, in a fleeting state

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṣaṇaparispanda

kṣaṇaparispanda - momentary movement, transient vibration

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣaṇa+parispanda)

• kṣaṇa – moment, instant
  noun (masculine)
• parispanda – vibration, throbbing, movement
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: spand (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adjective for 'dehe'.

देहे (dehe) - in the body, on the body

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, existence

विसरणोन्मुखे (visaraṇonmukhe) - in that which is tending to dissolution, in that prone to decay

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of visaraṇonmukha

visaraṇonmukha - prone to decay, tending towards dissolution, facing disintegration

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (visaraṇa+unmukha)

• visaraṇa – diffusion, scattering, decay, dissolution
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  Derived from verb root 'sṛ' (to go) with prefix 'vi', and suffix 'ana'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• unmukha – facing, turned towards, inclined to, ready for
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'dehe'.

तरङ्गे (taraṅge) - Refers to the transient and fleeting nature of worldly phenomena, like waves on water. (in a wave, on a wave)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of taraṅga

taraṅga - wave, billow, movement, transient object

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

निबद्धास्था (nibaddhāsthā) - whose attachment is fixed, having fixed interest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nibaddhāsthā

nibaddhāsthā - one whose attachment/interest is fixed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nibaddha+āsthā)

• nibaddha – bound, tied, fixed, firm
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from verb root 'bandh' (to bind) with prefix 'ni'.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: bandh (class 9)
• āsthā – attachment, interest, faith, trust, reverence
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with 'ye'. The text's form 'nibaddhāsthā' is taken as a plural nominative masculine, potentially an archaic or poetic form of 'nibaddhāsthāḥ'.

ये (ye) - those who, which (plural masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yat

yat - who, which, what

हताः (hatāḥ) - Refers to those who are spiritually lost or miserable due to their misguided intellect. (slain, ruined, unfortunate, lost)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - struck, killed, destroyed, ruined, unfortunate

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root 'han' (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'ye' and 'kubuddhayaḥ'.

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Correlative pronoun to 'ye'.

कुबुद्धयः (kubuddhayaḥ) - of misguided intellect, foolish, evil-minded persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kubuddhi

kubuddhi - bad intellect, evil mind, a foolish person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ku+buddhi)

• ku – bad, evil, deficient
  indeclinable
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, perception
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'te'.