योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-13

अकर्मनिरतः सिद्धिं कथं प्राप्स्यसि तद्वद ।
कर्मणोऽस्मान्निवृत्तेः किं कारणं तन्निवेद्यताम् ॥ १३ ॥

akarmanirataḥ siddhiṃ kathaṃ prāpsyasi tadvada ,
karmaṇo'smānnivṛtteḥ kiṃ kāraṇaṃ tannivedyatām 13

13. akarma-nirataḥ siddhim katham prāpsyasi tat vada |
karmaṇaḥ asmāt nivṛtteḥ kim kāraṇam tat nivedyatām ||

13. How will you attain spiritual perfection (siddhi) by being devoted to non-action? Please tell me that. What is the reason for withdrawal from this action (karma)? Let that be explained.

13. 'כיצד תשיג סִידְהִי (הגשמה) כשאתה שקוע בחוסר מעש? אמור זאת. מהי הסיבה להימנעותך מפעולה זו? אנא הסבר לי זאת'.

Words meanings summery:

• अकर्म-निरतः (akarma-nirataḥ) - devoted to non-action, inactive

• सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - spiritual perfection (siddhi) (perfection, success, spiritual attainment, accomplishment)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what way

• प्राप्स्यसि (prāpsyasi) - you will obtain, you will achieve

• तत् (tat) - that

• वद (vada) - speak, tell

• कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - from action (karma) (from action, of action)

• अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this (action) (from this)

• निवृत्तेः (nivṛtteḥ) - of withdrawal (of cessation, of abstention, of turning away)

• किम् (kim) - what (what, why)

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason, cause

• तत् (tat) - that

• निवेद्यताम् (nivedyatām) - let it be declared, let it be explained

Words meanings and morphology

अकर्म-निरतः (akarma-nirataḥ) - devoted to non-action, inactive

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akarmanirata

akarmanirata - devoted to inaction, taking delight in inaction

Compound of 'akarman' (non-action) and 'nirata' (devoted, engaged)

Compound type : tatpurusha (akarman+nirata)

• akarman – non-action, inaction, wrong action
  noun (neuter)
  Negative prefix 'a-' + 'karman' (action)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• nirata – engaged in, devoted to, delighted in
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'ram' (to delight, rest) with prefix 'ni-'
  Prefix: ni
  Root: ram (class 1)

सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - spiritual perfection (siddhi) (perfection, success, spiritual attainment, accomplishment)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of siddhi

siddhi - accomplishment, success, perfection, supernatural power, spiritual attainment

Derived from root 'sidh' (to accomplish)

Root: sidh (class 1)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what way

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb

प्राप्स्यसि (prāpsyasi) - you will obtain, you will achieve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of prāp

Future Tense

From root 'āp' (to obtain) with prefix 'pra-'

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Object of 'vada'.

वद (vada) - speak, tell

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vad

Imperative Mood

Root: vad (class 1)

कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - from action (karma) (from action, of action)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, ritual, work

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Governed by 'nivṛtteḥ' in the sense of 'withdrawal from'.

अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this (action) (from this)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Modifies 'karmaṇaḥ'.

निवृत्तेः (nivṛtteḥ) - of withdrawal (of cessation, of abstention, of turning away)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of nivṛtti

nivṛtti - cessation, abstention, turning away, withdrawal, retirement

Derived from root 'vṛt' (to turn, exist) with prefix 'ni-'

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

किम् (kim) - what (what, why)

(interrogative pronoun)

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason, cause

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

From root 'kṛ' (to do) + suffix '-ana'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to 'kāraṇam', as the subject of 'nivedyatām'.

निवेद्यताम् (nivedyatām) - let it be declared, let it be explained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of nivedaya

Imperative Mood, Passive Voice

Causative of root 'vid' (to know) with prefix 'ni-'

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 6)

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