वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-46, verse-55

अतीत्य मार्गं सहसा महात्मा स तत्र रक्षोऽधिपपादमूले ।
ददर्श राज्ञः परिचारवृद्धान् गृहं महारत्नविभूषितं च ॥५५॥

55. atītya mārgaṃ sahasā mahātmā sa tatra rakṣo'dhipapādamūle ,
dadarśa rājñaḥ paricāravṛddhān gṛhaṃ mahāratnavibhūṣitaṃ ca.

55. atītya mārgam sahasā mahātmā sa tatra rakṣaḥ adhipa pādamūle
dadarśa rājñaḥ paricāravṛddhān gṛham mahāratnavibhūṣitam ca

55. sa mahātmā sahasā mārgam atītya tatra rakṣaḥ adhipa pādamūle
rājñaḥ paricāravṛddhān mahāratnavibhūṣitam gṛham ca dadarśa

55. Having quickly traversed the path, that great-souled one (Hanumān) saw there, at the feet of the lord of rākṣasas (demons), the king's venerable attendants and a palace adorned with magnificent jewels.

Words meanings summery:

• अतीत्य (atītya) - having traversed (having surpassed, having crossed, having overcome)

• मार्गम् (mārgam) - the path (path, way, road)

• सहसा (sahasā) - quickly (suddenly, quickly, by force)

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - the great-souled one (Hanumān) (great-souled, noble-minded, a great person)

• स (sa) - he (Hanumān) (he, that)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

• रक्षः (rakṣaḥ) - (of) a rākṣasa (demon, rākṣasa)

• अधिप (adhipa) - the lord (of rākṣasas, Ravana) (lord, ruler, master)

• पादमूले (pādamūle) - at the foot (of the lord of rākṣasas) (at the foot of, at the base of)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw (saw, beheld)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Rāvaṇa) (of the king, by the king)

• परिचारवृद्धान् (paricāravṛddhān) - venerable attendants (old attendants, venerable servants)

• गृहम् (gṛham) - a palace (house, dwelling, palace)

• महारत्नविभूषितम् (mahāratnavibhūṣitam) - adorned with magnificent jewels (adorned with great jewels)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

अतीत्य (atītya) - having traversed (having surpassed, having crossed, having overcome)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from prefix ati- + root i (to go) + suffix -tya (for absolutives with prefixes).

Prefix: ati

Root: i (class 2)

मार्गम् (mārgam) - the path (path, way, road)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, way, road

Root: mṛg (class 1)

सहसा (sahasā) - quickly (suddenly, quickly, by force)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form from sahas (power, force).

Root: sah (class 1)

महात्मा (mahātmā) - the great-souled one (Hanumān) (great-souled, noble-minded, a great person)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, a great person

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective agreeing with implied subject (Hanumān).

स (sa) - he (Hanumān) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Forms sa before consonants (excluding 's'), saḥ before vowels and 's'.

तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Formed from tad (that) + suffix -tra (locative sense).

रक्षः (rakṣaḥ) - (of) a rākṣasa (demon, rākṣasa)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, rākṣasa, evil spirit

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: In rakṣo'dhipa, rakṣas (genitive/compound-initial form) means 'of a rākṣasa'.

अधिप (adhipa) - the lord (of rākṣasas, Ravana) (lord, ruler, master)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhipa

adhipa - lord, ruler, master

Formed from adhi- (over, upon) + root pā (to protect, rule).

Prefix: adhi

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Forms part of the compound rakṣo'dhipapādamūle. Here, rakṣaḥ adhipa forms 'lord of rākṣasas'.

पादमूले (pādamūle) - at the foot (of the lord of rākṣasas) (at the foot of, at the base of)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pādamūla

pādamūla - foot of, base of

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāda+mūla)

• pāda – foot, leg
  noun (masculine)
• mūla – root, base, origin
  noun (neuter)

Note: In context, 'at the feet of the lord of rākṣasas'.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw (saw, beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of dṛś

Perfect active

Root dṛś, Reduplicated Perfect (Lit).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Rāvaṇa) (of the king, by the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies paricāravṛddhān.

परिचारवृद्धान् (paricāravṛddhān) - venerable attendants (old attendants, venerable servants)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of paricāravṛddha

paricāravṛddha - old attendants, venerable servants

Compound type : karmadhāraya (paricāra+vṛddha)

• paricāra – attendant, servant
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: car (class 1)
• vṛddha – old, aged, venerable
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vṛdh (to grow).
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Object of dadarśa.

गृहम् (gṛham) - a palace (house, dwelling, palace)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gṛha

gṛha - house, dwelling, palace

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Object of dadarśa.

महारत्नविभूषितम् (mahāratnavibhūṣitam) - adorned with magnificent jewels (adorned with great jewels)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahāratnavibhūṣita

mahāratnavibhūṣita - adorned with great jewels

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahāratna+vibhūṣita)

• mahāratna – great jewel, precious gem
  noun (neuter)
• vibhūṣita – adorned, decorated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhūṣ (to adorn) with prefix vi-.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

Note: Qualifies gṛham.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects paricāravṛddhān and gṛham.