वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-46, verse-52

तं मत्तमिव मातङ्गं बद्धं कपिवरोत्तमम् ।
राक्षसा राक्षसेन्द्राय रावणाय न्यवेदयन् ॥५२॥

52. taṃ mattamiva mātaṅgaṃ baddhaṃ kapivarottamam ,
rākṣasā rākṣasendrāya rāvaṇāya nyavedayan.

52. tam mattam iva mātaṅgam baddham kapivarottamam
rākṣasāḥ rākṣasendrāya rāvaṇāya nyavedayan

52. rākṣasāḥ mattam iva mātaṅgam baddham tam
kapivarottamam rākṣasendrāya rāvaṇāya nyavedayan

52. The rākṣasas presented that bound, excellent monkey (Hanuman), who was like a rutting elephant, to Rāvaṇa, the lord of the rākṣasas.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Hanuman) (him, that)

• मत्तम् (mattam) - rutting (like an elephant in rut) (intoxicated, rutting, wild)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as if, similar to)

• मातङ्गम् (mātaṅgam) - elephant

• बद्धम् (baddham) - bound (by ropes) (bound, tied)

• कपिवरोत्तमम् (kapivarottamam) - the excellent monkey (Hanuman) (best among monkeys, excellent monkey)

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - the rākṣasas (demons of Lanka) (demons, rākṣasas)

• राक्षसेन्द्राय (rākṣasendrāya) - to the lord of rākṣasas (Rāvaṇa) (to the lord of rākṣasas)

• रावणाय (rāvaṇāya) - to Rāvaṇa

• न्यवेदयन् (nyavedayan) - presented (reported, announced, presented)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Hanuman) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Hanuman.

मत्तम् (mattam) - rutting (like an elephant in rut) (intoxicated, rutting, wild)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of matta

matta - intoxicated, maddened, rutting, proud

past passive participle

root mad (to be mad, rejoice) + kta suffix

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'mātaṅgam'.

इव (iva) - like (like, as if, similar to)

(indeclinable)

मातङ्गम् (mātaṅgam) - elephant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mātaṅga

mātaṅga - elephant, a low-caste person

Note: Object of comparison for Hanuman.

बद्धम् (baddham) - bound (by ropes) (bound, tied)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of baddha

baddha - bound, tied, restrained

past passive participle

root bandh (to bind) + kta suffix

Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' (Hanuman) and 'kapivarottamam'.

कपिवरोत्तमम् (kapivarottamam) - the excellent monkey (Hanuman) (best among monkeys, excellent monkey)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kapivarottama

kapivarottama - best among monkeys, chief of monkeys

Compound type : tatpurusha (kapi+vara+uttama)

• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• vara – best, excellent, choose, boon
  adjective
• uttama – highest, best, supreme, excellent
  adjective

Note: Refers to Hanuman.

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - the rākṣasas (demons of Lanka) (demons, rākṣasas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, rākṣasa, belonging to rākṣasas

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'nyavedayan'.

राक्षसेन्द्राय (rākṣasendrāya) - to the lord of rākṣasas (Rāvaṇa) (to the lord of rākṣasas)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rākṣasendra

rākṣasendra - chief of rākṣasas, lord of demons

Compound type : tatpurusha (rākṣasa+indra)

• rākṣasa – demon, rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)
• indra – lord, chief, Indra
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa.

रावणाय (rāvaṇāya) - to Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name)

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa, recipient of the action.

न्यवेदयन् (nyavedayan) - presented (reported, announced, presented)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of nivedaya

causal form, imperfect tense

prefix ni + root vid (to know) + causal suffix -aya + imperfect plural ending

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 10)

Note: From verbal root `ni-vid`.