वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-46, verse-43

स निश्चितार्थः परवीरहन्ता समीक्ष्य करी विनिवृत्तचेष्टः ।
परैः प्रसह्याभिगतैर्निगृह्य ननाद तैस्तैः परिभर्त्स्यमानः ॥४३॥

43. sa niścitārthaḥ paravīrahantā samīkṣya karī vinivṛttaceṣṭaḥ ,
paraiḥ prasahyābhigatairnigṛhya nanāda taistaiḥ paribhartsyamānaḥ.

43. saḥ niścitārthaḥ paravīrahantā
samīkṣya karī vinivṛttaceṣṭaḥ paraiḥ
prasahya abhigataiḥ nigṛhya
nanāda taiḥ taiḥ paribhartsyamānaḥ

43. niścitārthaḥ paravīrahantā karī saḥ samīkṣya vinivṛttaceṣṭaḥ,
prasahya abhigataiḥ paraiḥ nigṛhya taiḥ taiḥ paribhartsyamānaḥ nanāda

43. With his purpose fixed, that slayer of enemy heroes, the mighty one (karin), having observed the situation and ceased all activity, roared as he was forcibly seized by the approaching enemies and threatened by them.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• निश्चितार्थः (niścitārthaḥ) - one whose purpose is fixed, having a fixed aim

• परवीरहन्ता (paravīrahantā) - slayer of enemy heroes

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having observed, having seen

• करी (karī) - the mighty one (referring to Hanuman) (elephant; a powerful one)

• विनिवृत्तचेष्टः (vinivṛttaceṣṭaḥ) - one whose activity has ceased, having stopped movements

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by others, by enemies

• प्रसह्य (prasahya) - forcibly, violently

• अभिगतैः (abhigataiḥ) - by those who have approached

• निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - when seized (implies passive in context) (having seized, having captured)

• ननाद (nanāda) - roared, shouted

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (enemies) (by those)

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (various ones) (by those)

• परिभर्त्स्यमानः (paribhartsyamānaḥ) - being threatened, being rebuked

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Hanuman.

निश्चितार्थः (niścitārthaḥ) - one whose purpose is fixed, having a fixed aim

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niścitārtha

niścitārtha - having a fixed or determined aim/purpose

Compound type : bahuvrihi (niścita+artha)

• niścita – fixed, determined, ascertained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √ci with ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: ci (class 5)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `saḥ`.

परवीरहन्ता (paravīrahantā) - slayer of enemy heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paravīrahantṛ

paravīrahantṛ - slayer of enemy heroes

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+vīra+hantṛ)

• para – other, enemy
  adjective
• vīra – hero, brave man
  noun (masculine)
• hantṛ – slayer, killer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From √han
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `saḥ`.

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having observed, having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From √īkṣ (to see) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Describes Hanuman's action.

करी (karī) - the mighty one (referring to Hanuman) (elephant; a powerful one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karin

karin - having a trunk (elephant); having hands/rays; a powerful one

From kara + ini (possessive suffix)

Note: Qualifies `saḥ`.

विनिवृत्तचेष्टः (vinivṛttaceṣṭaḥ) - one whose activity has ceased, having stopped movements

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinivṛttaceṣṭa

vinivṛttaceṣṭa - with ceased activity, having stopped movements

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vinivṛtta+ceṣṭā)

• vinivṛtta – ceased, stopped, returned
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √vṛt with vi and ni
  Prefixes: vi+ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• ceṣṭā – activity, movement, exertion
  noun (feminine)

Note: Qualifies `saḥ`.

परैः (paraiḥ) - by others, by enemies

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, hostile, enemy

Note: Agent of seizing and threatening.

प्रसह्य (prasahya) - forcibly, violently

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From √sah (to overcome) with pra

Prefix: pra

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Modifies `abhigataiḥ` and `nigṛhya`.

अभिगतैः (abhigataiḥ) - by those who have approached

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of abhigata

abhigata - approached, arrived at

Past Passive Participle

From √gam (to go) with abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `paraiḥ`.

निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - when seized (implies passive in context) (having seized, having captured)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From √grah (to seize) with ni

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Expresses an action preceding `nanāda`.

ननाद (nanāda) - roared, shouted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of nad

Perfect Active

Root verb, reduplicated perfect

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (enemies) (by those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the enemies.

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (various ones) (by those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Repetition for emphasis, 'those various ones'.

परिभर्त्स्यमानः (paribhartsyamānaḥ) - being threatened, being rebuked

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paribhartsyamāna

paribhartsyamāna - being threatened, being rebuked, being reviled

Present Passive Participle (Ātmanepada)

From √bharts (to threaten) with pari

Prefix: pari

Root: bharts (class 10)

Note: Qualifies `saḥ`, describes his state while roaring.