वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-46, verse-20

तस्मिंस्ततः संयति जातहर्षे रणाय निर्गच्छति बाणपाणौ ।
दिशश्च सर्वाः कलुषा बभूवुर्मृगाश्च रौद्रा बहुधा विनेदुः ॥२०॥

20. tasmiṃstataḥ saṃyati jātaharṣe raṇāya nirgacchati bāṇapāṇau ,
diśaśca sarvāḥ kaluṣā babhūvurmṛgāśca raudrā bahudhā vineduḥ.

20. tasmin tataḥ saṁyati jāta-harṣe
raṇāya nirgacchati bāṇa-pāṇau
diśaḥ ca sarvāḥ kaluṣā babhūvuḥ
mṛgāḥ ca raudrā bahudhā vineduḥ

20. tataḥ tasmin bāṇa-pāṇau saṁyati jāta-harṣe raṇāya nirgacchati (sati),
sarvāḥ diśaḥ ca kaluṣāḥ babhūvuḥ; raudrāḥ mṛgāḥ ca bahudhā vineduḥ

20. Then, as he, with arrows in hand, full of joy for battle, was going forth, all directions became clouded, and fierce animals cried out in many ways.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him (referring to Indrajit) (in him, concerning him)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from there)

• संयति (saṁyati) - in battle (in battle, in restraint)

• जात-हर्षे (jāta-harṣe) - full of joy (for battle) (whose joy has arisen, joyful)

• रणाय (raṇāya) - for battle (for battle, for fighting)

• निर्गच्छति (nirgacchati) - going forth (going forth, departing)

• बाण-पाणौ (bāṇa-pāṇau) - with arrows in hand (having arrows in hand)

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions (directions, quarters)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (all, every)

• कलुषा (kaluṣā) - clouded (with ill omens) (turbid, dim, cloudy, impure)

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - became (they became, they were)

• मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - animals (animals, deer, wild beasts)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• रौद्रा (raudrā) - fierce (fierce, terrible, frightful)

• बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways (in many ways, manifoldly)

• विनेदुः (vineduḥ) - cried out (they cried out, they roared)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him (referring to Indrajit) (in him, concerning him)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Forms part of a locative absolute construction.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from there)

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix '-tas' applied to 'tad'.

संयति (saṁyati) - in battle (in battle, in restraint)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of saṁyati

saṁyati - battle, encounter, restraint, self-control

Derived from 'saṁ-yam' (to hold together, control, fight).

Prefix: sam

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction, specifying the context of going forth.

जात-हर्षे (jāta-harṣe) - full of joy (for battle) (whose joy has arisen, joyful)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of jāta-harṣa

jāta-harṣa - whose joy has arisen, joyful, delighted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jāta+harṣa)

• jāta – born, arisen, produced
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'jan' (to be born, produce).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• harṣa – joy, delight, excitement
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'hṛṣ' (to be excited, rejoice).
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying 'tasmin' and 'nirgacchati' in the locative absolute.

रणाय (raṇāya) - for battle (for battle, for fighting)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

From root 'raṇ' (to rejoice, to sound, to go).

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Expresses purpose.

निर्गच्छति (nirgacchati) - going forth (going forth, departing)

(nominal form)

Locative, masculine, singular of nir-gam

nir-gam - to go forth, to come out, to depart

Present Active Participle

From root 'gam' with prefix 'nis'.

Prefix: nis

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with 'tasmin'.

बाण-पाणौ (bāṇa-pāṇau) - with arrows in hand (having arrows in hand)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of bāṇa-pāṇi

bāṇa-pāṇi - having an arrow in hand

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bāṇa+pāṇi)

• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying 'tasmin' and 'nirgacchati' in the locative absolute.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions (directions, quarters)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Subject of 'babhūvuḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses.

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (all, every)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Adjective modifying 'diśaḥ'.

कलुषा (kaluṣā) - clouded (with ill omens) (turbid, dim, cloudy, impure)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kaluṣa

kaluṣa - turbid, foul, dim, impure, clouded

Note: Predicative adjective for 'diśaḥ'.

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - became (they became, they were)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of bhū

perfect tense

Reduplicated perfect form (LiT). 'babhūvuḥ' is 3rd person plural perfect.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'diśaḥ'.

मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - animals (animals, deer, wild beasts)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛga

mṛga - deer, wild animal, beast

Note: Subject of 'vineduḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses.

रौद्रा (raudrā) - fierce (fierce, terrible, frightful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of raudra

raudra - fierce, terrible, frightful, Shiva-related

From 'rudra'.

Note: Adjective modifying 'mṛgāḥ'.

बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways (in many ways, manifoldly)

(indeclinable)

Suffix '-dhā' indicating 'in a way' or 'times'.

Note: Modifies 'vineduḥ'.

विनेदुः (vineduḥ) - cried out (they cried out, they roared)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of vi-nad

perfect tense

Reduplicated perfect form (LiT). 'vineduḥ' is 3rd person plural perfect.

Prefix: vi

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'mṛgāḥ'.