वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-46, verse-17

स रथी धन्विनां श्रेष्ठः शस्त्रज्ञो ऽस्त्रविदां वरः ।
रथेनाभिययौ क्षिप्रं हनूमान्यत्र सो ऽभवत् ॥१७॥

17. sa rathī dhanvināṃ śreṣṭhaḥ śastrajño'stravidāṃ varaḥ ,
rathenābhiyayau kṣipraṃ hanūmānyatra so'bhavat.

17. saḥ rathī dhanvinām śreṣṭhaḥ śastrajñaḥ astravidām varaḥ
rathena abhiyayau kṣipram hanūmān yatra saḥ abhavat

17. saḥ rathī dhanvinām śreṣṭhaḥ śastrajñaḥ astravidām varaḥ
kṣipram rathena yatra hanūmān saḥ abhavat abhiyayau

17. That charioteer, who was the best among archers, knowledgeable in all weapons, and pre-eminent among those skilled in divine missiles, swiftly proceeded by chariot to the place where Hanuman was present.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Indrajit, the charioteer) (he, that)

• रथी (rathī) - charioteer, warrior in a chariot

• धन्विनाम् (dhanvinām) - of archers, of bowmen

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, excellent, superior

• शस्त्रज्ञः (śastrajñaḥ) - knower of weapons, expert in arms

• अस्त्रविदाम् (astravidām) - of those knowing missiles/divine weapons

• वरः (varaḥ) - excellent, best, foremost

• रथेन (rathena) - by chariot

• अभिययौ (abhiyayau) - he approached, proceeded

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - swiftly, quickly

• हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanuman (name of a prominent monkey-hero)

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Hanuman) (he, that)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - was, became

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Indrajit, the charioteer) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

रथी (rathī) - charioteer, warrior in a chariot

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathin

rathin - one who possesses a chariot, charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

धन्विनाम् (dhanvinām) - of archers, of bowmen

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dhanvin

dhanvin - archer, bowman, possessing a bow

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, excellent, superior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief, principal

Superlative degree of praśasya (praise-worthy)

शस्त्रज्ञः (śastrajñaḥ) - knower of weapons, expert in arms

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śastrajña

śastrajña - knower of weapons, skilled in arms

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (śastra+jña)

• śastra – weapon, instrument
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knowing, expert, wise
  adjective
  Derived from root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

अस्त्रविदाम् (astravidām) - of those knowing missiles/divine weapons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of astravid

astravid - knower of missiles, skilled in divine weapons

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (astra+vid)

• astra – missile, weapon (especially one discharged by mantra)
  noun (neuter)
• vid – knowing, wise, learned
  adjective
  Derived from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

वरः (varaḥ) - excellent, best, foremost

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, chosen, boon

रथेन (rathena) - by chariot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

अभिययौ (abhiyayau) - he approached, proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of abhiyayau

Perfect tense (Lit) form of root yā with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: yā (class 2)

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - swiftly, quickly

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions adverbially.

हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanuman (name of a prominent monkey-hero)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanūmat

hanūmat - Hanuman

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Hanuman) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभवत् (abhavat) - was, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhavat

Imperfect tense (Laṅ) form of root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)