वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-42, verse-58

सा हि सोमगिरिर्नाम देवानामपि दुर्गमः ।
तमालोक्य ततः क्षिप्रमुपावर्तितुमर्हथ ॥५८॥

58. sā hi somagirirnāma devānāmapi durgamaḥ ,
tamālokya tataḥ kṣipramupāvartitumarhatha.

58. sā hi somagiriḥ nāma devānām api durgamaḥ
tam ālokya tataḥ kṣipram upāvartitum arhatha

58. sā hi nāma somagiriḥ devānām api durgamaḥ
tam ālokya tataḥ kṣipram upāvartitum arhatha

58. That is indeed the mountain called Somagiri, which is difficult for even the gods to reach. Having seen it, you should swiftly turn back from that point.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - that (feminine)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

• सोमगिरिः (somagiriḥ) - Mount Soma, Somagiri (name of a mountain)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named, indeed

• देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• दुर्गमः (durgamaḥ) - difficult to access, inaccessible, impassable

• तम् (tam) - that mountain (Somagiri) (that (masculine, accusative))

• आलोक्य (ālokya) - having seen, having looked at

• ततः (tataḥ) - thence, from there, then, after that

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• उपावर्तितुम् (upāvartitum) - to return, to turn back

• अर्हथ (arhatha) - you (plural) should, you ought

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

(indeclinable)

सोमगिरिः (somagiriḥ) - Mount Soma, Somagiri (name of a mountain)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of somagiri

somagiri - Mount Soma (a mythical mountain)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (soma+giri)

• soma – Soma (a divine drink, a deity, the moon, a plant)
  noun (masculine)
• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gṝ

नाम (nāma) - by name, named, indeed

(indeclinable)

देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, celestial being

Root: div

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

दुर्गमः (durgamaḥ) - difficult to access, inaccessible, impassable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durgama

durgama - difficult to access, inaccessible, impassable, arduous

Compound of 'dur-' (difficult, bad) and 'gama' (going, accessible, from root 'gam').

Compound type : Upapada Tatpuruṣa (dur+gama)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
• gama – going, moving; accessible, attainable
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'gam' ('to go').
  Root: gam (class 1)

तम् (tam) - that mountain (Somagiri) (that (masculine, accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आलोक्य (ālokya) - having seen, having looked at

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root 'lok' ('to see') with prefix 'ā-' and suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 10)

ततः (tataḥ) - thence, from there, then, after that

(indeclinable)

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter of 'kṣipra' used adverbially.

उपावर्तितुम् (upāvartitum) - to return, to turn back

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root 'vṛt' ('to turn') with prefixes 'upa-' and 'ā-'.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अर्हथ (arhatha) - you (plural) should, you ought

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, present (lat) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)