वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-42, verse-27

क्रौञ्चस्य शिखरं चापि निरीक्ष्य च ततस्ततः ।
अवृक्षं कामशैलं च मानसं विहगालयम् ॥२७॥

27. krauñcasya śikharaṃ cāpi nirīkṣya ca tatastataḥ ,
avṛkṣaṃ kāmaśailaṃ ca mānasaṃ vihagālayam.

27. krauñcasya śikharaṃ ca api nirīkṣya ca tataḥ
tataḥ avṛkṣaṃ kāmaśailaṃ ca mānasaṃ vihagālayam

27. And having thoroughly inspected the peak of Krauñca mountain, they must also examine the treeless Kāmaśaila mountain and Lake Mānas, the abode of birds.

Words meanings summery:

• क्रौञ्चस्य (krauñcasya) - of Krauñca (mountain)

• शिखरं (śikharaṁ) - peak, summit

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - even, also

• निरीक्ष्य (nirīkṣya) - having observed, having inspected, having looked for

• च (ca) - and

• ततः (tataḥ) - thoroughly, everywhere (from there, then, therefore, in all directions)

• ततः (tataḥ) - thoroughly, everywhere (from there, then, therefore, in all directions)

• अवृक्षं (avṛkṣaṁ) - treeless

• कामशैलं (kāmaśailaṁ) - Kāmaśaila (mountain)

• च (ca) - and

• मानसं (mānasaṁ) - Lake Mānas

• विहगालयम् (vihagālayam) - abode of birds

Words meanings and morphology

क्रौञ्चस्य (krauñcasya) - of Krauñca (mountain)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of krauñca

krauñca - name of a mountain; a kind of curlew

शिखरं (śikharaṁ) - peak, summit

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śikhara

śikhara - peak, summit, point, top

Root: śikh

Note: Object of nirīkṣya

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'ca' to mean "and also"

निरीक्ष्य (nirīkṣya) - having observed, having inspected, having looked for

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

from root īkṣ (to see) with upasarga nir + lyap suffix (after verb with prefix)

Prefix: nis

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - thoroughly, everywhere (from there, then, therefore, in all directions)

(indeclinable)

derived from pronominal base 'tad' (that)

Note: Used twice to emphasize thoroughness

ततः (tataḥ) - thoroughly, everywhere (from there, then, therefore, in all directions)

(indeclinable)

derived from pronominal base 'tad' (that)

Note: Used twice to emphasize thoroughness

अवृक्षं (avṛkṣaṁ) - treeless

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avṛkṣa

avṛkṣa - treeless, without trees

negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vṛkṣa)

• a – not, without
  indeclinable
• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective for kāmaśailaṃ

कामशैलं (kāmaśailaṁ) - Kāmaśaila (mountain)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāmaśaila

kāmaśaila - a mountain, "mount of desire"

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+śaila)

• kāma – desire, love
  noun (masculine)
• śaila – mountain, rock
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of implied search/inspection

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मानसं (mānasaṁ) - Lake Mānas

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mānasa

mānasa - belonging to the mind, mental; name of a sacred lake (Mānasarovara)

Root: man

Note: Object of implied search/inspection

विहगालयम् (vihagālayam) - abode of birds

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vihagālaya

vihagālaya - abode of birds, bird habitat

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vihaga+ālaya)

• vihaga – bird
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: gam (class 1)
• ālaya – abode, dwelling, house
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: lī (class 4)

Note: Apposition to Mānasaṃ, hence accusative