वाल्मीकि-रामायणम्
vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam
-
book-4, chapter-42, verse-46
स्त्रीणां यान्यनुरूपाणि पुरुषाणां तथैव च ।
सर्वर्तुसुखसेव्यानि फलन्त्यन्ये नगोत्तमाः ॥४६॥
सर्वर्तुसुखसेव्यानि फलन्त्यन्ये नगोत्तमाः ॥४६॥
46. strīṇāṃ yānyanurūpāṇi puruṣāṇāṃ tathaiva ca ,
sarvartusukhasevyāni phalantyanye nagottamāḥ.
sarvartusukhasevyāni phalantyanye nagottamāḥ.
46.
strīṇām yāni anurūpāṇi puruṣāṇām tathā eva ca
sarvartusukhasevyāni phalanti anye nago-uttamāḥ
sarvartusukhasevyāni phalanti anye nago-uttamāḥ
46.
anye nago-uttamāḥ yāni strīṇām puruṣāṇām tathā
eva ca anurūpāṇi sarvartusukhasevyāni phalanti
eva ca anurūpāṇi sarvartusukhasevyāni phalanti
46.
Other excellent trees (nago-uttamāḥ) produce those [items] that are suitable for women and men alike, and are enjoyable in all seasons.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - for women (genitive of purpose/relation) (of women)
- यानि (yāni) - which (referring to the garments/ornaments from the previous verse) (which (neuter plural))
- अनुरूपाणि (anurūpāṇi) - suitable, appropriate (suitable, appropriate, conformable, fitting)
- पुरुषाणाम् (puruṣāṇām) - for men (genitive of purpose/relation) (of men, of persons, of males)
- तथा (tathā) - similarly, and so too (thus, so, in that manner, similarly)
- एव (eva) - also, too (indeed, just, only, truly, also)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- सर्वर्तुसुखसेव्यानि (sarvartusukhasevyāni) - enjoyable in all seasons
- फलन्ति (phalanti) - they produce, they bear (referring to trees producing garments) (they bear fruit, they produce, they result)
- अन्ये (anye) - other (trees) (others, other)
- नगो-उत्तमाः (nago-uttamāḥ) - excellent trees (context of producing garments) (excellent mountains, excellent trees)
Words meanings and morphology
स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - for women (genitive of purpose/relation) (of women)
(noun)
Genitive, feminine, plural of strī
strī - woman, female
Note: Indicates suitability for women.
यानि (yāni) - which (referring to the garments/ornaments from the previous verse) (which (neuter plural))
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, plural of yad
yad - which, what (relative pronoun)
Note: Subject of the implied verb (are).
अनुरूपाणि (anurūpāṇi) - suitable, appropriate (suitable, appropriate, conformable, fitting)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, plural of anurūpa
anurūpa - suitable, appropriate, conformable, fitting, like
Compound of anu (after, according to) + rūpa (form, nature).
Compound type : karmadhāraya (anu+rūpa)
- anu – after, along, with, according to
indeclinable
Prefix or postposition. - rūpa – form, shape, beauty, nature
noun (neuter)
Note: Predicate adjective for yāni.
पुरुषाणाम् (puruṣāṇām) - for men (genitive of purpose/relation) (of men, of persons, of males)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of puruṣa
puruṣa - man, person, male, human being, supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
Note: Indicates suitability for men.
तथा (tathā) - similarly, and so too (thus, so, in that manner, similarly)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the idea to the previous clause.
एव (eva) - also, too (indeed, just, only, truly, also)
(indeclinable)
Particle for emphasis.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
सर्वर्तुसुखसेव्यानि (sarvartusukhasevyāni) - enjoyable in all seasons
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, plural of sarvartusukhasevya
sarvartusukhasevya - enjoyable in all seasons, to be enjoyed with pleasure in all seasons
Compound of sarva (all), ṛtu (season), sukha (pleasure/comfort), sevya (to be served/enjoyed).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sarva+ṛtu+sukha+sevya)
- sarva – all, every, whole
pronoun/adjective (masculine) - ṛtu – season, fixed time
noun (masculine) - sukha – happiness, pleasure, comfort, ease
noun (neuter) - sevya – to be served, to be enjoyed, to be resorted to
adjective
Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
Derived from root sev (to serve, to resort to) with suffix -ya.
Root: sev (class 1)
Note: Predicate adjective for yāni.
फलन्ति (phalanti) - they produce, they bear (referring to trees producing garments) (they bear fruit, they produce, they result)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of phal
Present tense, third person plural of verbal root phal.
Root: phal (class 1)
Note: Verb for nago-uttamāḥ.
अन्ये (anye) - other (trees) (others, other)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, different, another
Note: Qualifies nago-uttamāḥ.
नगो-उत्तमाः (nago-uttamāḥ) - excellent trees (context of producing garments) (excellent mountains, excellent trees)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of nago-uttama
nago-uttama - excellent tree, excellent mountain (naga can mean both tree and mountain)
Compound of naga (tree/mountain) and uttama (excellent).
Compound type : karmadhāraya (naga+uttama)
- naga – tree, mountain, serpent
noun (masculine)
naga literally means 'one that does not move' (na + ga).
Prefix: na
Root: gam (class 1) - uttama – best, excellent, supreme, highest
adjective (masculine)
Superlative degree of 'ud' (up).
Prefix: ud
Note: Subject of the sentence.