मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-31, verse-49
यथा सुखं जुषध्वं भो इति वाच्यमनिष्ठुरम् ।
भुञ्जीरंश्च ततस्तेऽपि तच्चित्ता मौनिनः सुखम् ॥४९॥
भुञ्जीरंश्च ततस्तेऽपि तच्चित्ता मौनिनः सुखम् ॥४९॥
49. yathā sukhaṃ juṣadhvaṃ bho iti vācyamaniṣṭhuram .
bhuñjīraṃśca tataste'pi taccittā mauninaḥ sukham.
bhuñjīraṃśca tataste'pi taccittā mauninaḥ sukham.
49.
yathā sukham juṣadhvam bho iti vācyam aniṣṭhuram
bhuñjīran ca tatas te api tatcittāḥ mauninaḥ sukham
bhuñjīran ca tatas te api tatcittāḥ mauninaḥ sukham
49.
One should say to them, 'O, please enjoy comfortably,' speaking in a gentle manner. Then, they too, with their minds focused on that [ritual] and remaining silent, should comfortably partake of the food.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यथा (yathā) - as, according to what is comfortable (as, just as, in what manner)
- सुखम् (sukham) - comfortably, at ease (comfortably, happily, with ease)
- जुषध्वम् (juṣadhvam) - enjoy, partake (of food) (enjoy, partake, serve)
- भो (bho) - O! (vocative particle of address) (O!, hey!)
- इति (iti) - thus, marking the end of the spoken phrase (thus, in this manner, marking direct speech)
- वाच्यम् (vācyam) - should be spoken (to the guests) (to be spoken, should be said)
- अनिष्ठुरम् (aniṣṭhuram) - in a gentle, not harsh, manner (not harsh, gentle, kind)
- भुञ्जीरन् (bhuñjīran) - they should eat, partake (of the meal) (they should eat, they should enjoy)
- च (ca) - and
- ततस् (tatas) - then, thereafter (then, therefrom, from that)
- ते (te) - they (the guests) (they, those (masc. nom. plural))
- अपि (api) - also, too (also, even, too)
- तत्चित्ताः (tatcittāḥ) - with their minds focused on that (ritual/food) (with minds on that, having that thought)
- मौनिनः (mauninaḥ) - remaining silent (silent, ascetic, sage)
- सुखम् (sukham) - comfortably (comfortably, happily, with ease)
Words meanings and morphology
यथा (yathā) - as, according to what is comfortable (as, just as, in what manner)
(indeclinable)
सुखम् (sukham) - comfortably, at ease (comfortably, happily, with ease)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha
sukha - happiness, ease, comfort
Note: Used here as an adverbial accusative.
जुषध्वम् (juṣadhvam) - enjoy, partake (of food) (enjoy, partake, serve)
(verb)
2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of juṣ
Root: juṣ (class 1)
Note: Second person plural imperative, middle voice.
भो (bho) - O! (vocative particle of address) (O!, hey!)
(indeclinable)
Note: A particle used in addressing.
इति (iti) - thus, marking the end of the spoken phrase (thus, in this manner, marking direct speech)
(indeclinable)
वाच्यम् (vācyam) - should be spoken (to the guests) (to be spoken, should be said)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of vācya
vācya - to be spoken, speakable, what should be said
Gerundive
Derived from √vac (to speak) with suffix -ya (kartṛ-karmaka-kṛtya-pratyaya)
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Functions as a predicate, 'it should be spoken.'
अनिष्ठुरम् (aniṣṭhuram) - in a gentle, not harsh, manner (not harsh, gentle, kind)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of aniṣṭhura
aniṣṭhura - not harsh, gentle, kind
Negative prefix 'a-' + 'niṣṭhura'
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+niṣṭhura)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - niṣṭhura – harsh, cruel, rough
adjective (neuter)
Note: Adverbial usage, 'speaking gently.'
भुञ्जीरन् (bhuñjīran) - they should eat, partake (of the meal) (they should eat, they should enjoy)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhuj
Root: bhuj (class 7)
Note: Third person plural optative, middle voice.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
ततस् (tatas) - then, thereafter (then, therefrom, from that)
(indeclinable)
ते (te) - they (the guests) (they, those (masc. nom. plural))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Masculine nominative plural of 'tad'.
अपि (api) - also, too (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
तत्चित्ताः (tatcittāḥ) - with their minds focused on that (ritual/food) (with minds on that, having that thought)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tatcitta
tatcitta - whose mind is on that, intent on that
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tad+citta)
- tad – that
pronoun (neuter) - citta – mind, consciousness, thought
noun (neuter)
Note: Modifies 'te' (they).
मौनिनः (mauninaḥ) - remaining silent (silent, ascetic, sage)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of maunin
maunin - silent, observer of silence, ascetic, sage
Derived from 'muni' (sage) or 'mauna' (silence) with suffix -in.
Note: Modifies 'te' (they).
सुखम् (sukham) - comfortably (comfortably, happily, with ease)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha
sukha - happiness, ease, comfort
Note: Adverbial accusative, modifying 'bhuñjīran'.