मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-31, verse-29
वेदोज्झोऽथाग्निसन्त्यागी वृषलीपतिदूषितः ।
तथान्ये च विकर्मस्था वर्ज्याः पित्र्येषु वै द्विजाः ॥२९॥
तथान्ये च विकर्मस्था वर्ज्याः पित्र्येषु वै द्विजाः ॥२९॥
29. vedojjho'thāgnisantyāgī vṛṣalīpatidūṣitaḥ .
tathānye ca vikarmasthā varjyāḥ pitryeṣu vai dvijāḥ.
tathānye ca vikarmasthā varjyāḥ pitryeṣu vai dvijāḥ.
29.
veda-ujjhaḥ atha agni-santyāgī vṛṣalī-pati-dūṣitaḥ
tathā anye ca vikarmasthā varjyāḥ pitryeṣu vai dvijāḥ
tathā anye ca vikarmasthā varjyāḥ pitryeṣu vai dvijāḥ
29.
Indeed, a twice-born (dvija) person who has abandoned the Vedas, or given up the sacred fires, or is defiled by being the husband of a Śūdra woman, and others who engage in forbidden acts (vikarma), should be excluded from rites for ancestors (pitrya).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- वेदौज्झः (vedaujjhaḥ) - one who has abandoned the Vedas
- अथ (atha) - then, and, moreover
- अग्निसन्त्यागी (agnisantyāgī) - one who has abandoned the sacred fires
- वृषलीपतिदूषितः (vṛṣalīpatidūṣitaḥ) - defiled by being the husband of a Śūdra woman
- तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that way, and
- अन्ये (anye) - others
- च (ca) - and
- विकर्मस्था (vikarmasthā) - engaged in forbidden (vikarma) acts
- वर्ज्याः (varjyāḥ) - to be avoided, to be excluded
- पित्र्येषु (pitryeṣu) - in rites for ancestors (pitrya)
- वै (vai) - indeed, verily (emphatic particle)
- द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - twice-born ones (dvija)
Words meanings and morphology
वेदौज्झः (vedaujjhaḥ) - one who has abandoned the Vedas
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vedaujjha
vedaujjha - one who has abandoned the Vedas
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (veda+ujjha)
- veda – Veda; sacred knowledge
noun (masculine)
Root: vid (class 2) - ujjha – abandoned, forsaken
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root √ujjh (to abandon)
Root: ujjh (class 1)
अथ (atha) - then, and, moreover
(indeclinable)
अग्निसन्त्यागी (agnisantyāgī) - one who has abandoned the sacred fires
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of agnisantyāgin
agnisantyāgin - one who has abandoned the sacred fires
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agni+santyāgin)
- agni – fire; sacred fire
noun (masculine) - santyāgin – abandoner, renunciant
adjective (masculine)
Derived from sam-tyaj (to abandon completely)
Prefix: sam
Root: tyaj (class 1)
Note: The form agnisantyāgī is the masculine singular nominative of agnisantyāgin.
वृषलीपतिदूषितः (vṛṣalīpatidūṣitaḥ) - defiled by being the husband of a Śūdra woman
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛṣalīpatidūṣita
vṛṣalīpatidūṣita - defiled by being the husband of a Śūdra woman
Past Passive Participle
Compound formed from vṛṣalīpati (husband of a Śūdra woman) and dūṣita (defiled). dūṣita is a PPP from √dūṣ.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛṣalīpati+dūṣita)
- vṛṣalīpati – husband of a Śūdra woman
noun (masculine) - dūṣita – defiled, polluted, corrupted
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root √dūṣ (to defile, pollute)
Root: dūṣ (class 10)
तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that way, and
(indeclinable)
अन्ये (anye) - others
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, different
Note: Can also be neuter plural nominative/accusative, but context points to masculine (referring to dvijāḥ).
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
विकर्मस्था (vikarmasthā) - engaged in forbidden (vikarma) acts
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vikarmastha
vikarmastha - engaged in forbidden acts (vikarma), unrighteous
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vikarma+stha)
- vikarma – forbidden action, unrighteous act
noun (neuter)
Prefix: vi
Root: kṛ (class 8) - stha – standing, staying, situated in
adjective (masculine)
Kṛt suffix -a
Derived from root √sthā
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Refers to the dvijāḥ.
वर्ज्याः (varjyāḥ) - to be avoided, to be excluded
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of varjya
varjya - to be avoided, to be excluded, forbidden
Gerundive (Nijanta form)
Derived from root √vṛj (to avoid, abandon), with suffix -ya. From the causative varjayati.
Root: vṛj (class 10)
पित्र्येषु (pitryeṣu) - in rites for ancestors (pitrya)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, plural of pitrya
pitrya - relating to ancestors, ancestral, performed for ancestors (pitrya)
Derived from pitṛ (father, ancestor) + -ya suffix.
Note: Adjective agreeing with an implied noun like 'kāryeṣu' (actions) or 'karmaṣu' (rites).
वै (vai) - indeed, verily (emphatic particle)
(indeclinable)
द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - twice-born ones (dvija)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dvija
dvija - twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya; also a bird, a tooth, a snake)
Derived from dvi (two) + √jan (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Acts as the subject for 'varjyāḥ'.