मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-31, verse-27
मित्रध्रुक् कुनखी क्लीबः श्यावदन्तो निराकृतिः ।
अबिशस्तस्तु तातेन पिशुनः सोमविक्रयी ॥२७॥
अबिशस्तस्तु तातेन पिशुनः सोमविक्रयी ॥२७॥
27. mitradhruk kunakhī klībaḥ śyāvadanto nirākṛtiḥ .
abiśastastu tātena piśunaḥ somavikrayī.
abiśastastu tātena piśunaḥ somavikrayī.
27.
mitradhruk kunakhī klībaḥ śyāvadantaḥ nirākṛtiḥ
abiśastaḥ tu tātena piśunaḥ somavikrayī
abiśastaḥ tu tātena piśunaḥ somavikrayī
27.
A betrayer of a friend (mitradhruk), one with deformed nails (kunakhī), an impotent person (klība), one with black teeth (śyāvadanta), a deformed person (nirākṛti), as well as one who is cursed by his father, a slanderer (piśuna), and a seller of Soma (somavikrayī).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मित्रध्रुक् (mitradhruk) - betrayer of a friend, one who injures a friend
- कुनखी (kunakhī) - one with bad or deformed nails
- क्लीबः (klībaḥ) - impotent person, eunuch
- श्यावदन्तः (śyāvadantaḥ) - one with blackish teeth
- निराकृतिः (nirākṛtiḥ) - deformed, ill-formed, ugly
- अबिशस्तः (abiśastaḥ) - one who is cursed (cursed, accused, denounced)
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, however
- तातेन (tātena) - by the father
- पिशुनः (piśunaḥ) - slanderer, malicious, wicked person
- सोमविक्रयी (somavikrayī) - seller of Soma
Words meanings and morphology
मित्रध्रुक् (mitradhruk) - betrayer of a friend, one who injures a friend
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mitradhruk
mitradhruk - betrayer of a friend, injuring a friend
Compound of mitra (friend) and dhruk (injuring, deceiving)
Compound type : tatpurusha (mitra+dhruk)
- mitra – friend, companion, sun
noun (masculine) - dhruk – injuring, deceiving, treacherous
adjective (masculine)
From root druh (to injure, deceive)
Root: druh (class 4)
कुनखी (kunakhī) - one with bad or deformed nails
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kunakhin
kunakhin - one with bad or deformed nails
Compound of ku (bad) and nakha (nail), with possessive suffix -in
Compound type : bahuvrihi (ku+nakha)
- ku – bad, evil, contemptible
indeclinable - nakha – nail, claw
noun (masculine)
क्लीबः (klībaḥ) - impotent person, eunuch
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of klība
klība - impotent, eunuch, hermaphrodite, timid, unmanly
श्यावदन्तः (śyāvadantaḥ) - one with blackish teeth
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śyāvadanta
śyāvadanta - one with blackish or discolored teeth
Compound of śyāva (dark, blackish) and danta (tooth)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (śyāva+danta)
- śyāva – dark-colored, dusky, tawny, blackish
adjective (masculine) - danta – tooth, tusk
noun (masculine)
निराकृतिः (nirākṛtiḥ) - deformed, ill-formed, ugly
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nirākṛti
nirākṛti - deformed, ugly, ill-formed, without form or shape
Compound of nis (without) and ākṛti (form, shape)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (nis+ākṛti)
- nis – out, forth, without, negation
indeclinable
Prefix/upasarga - ākṛti – form, shape, appearance, figure
noun (feminine)
अबिशस्तः (abiśastaḥ) - one who is cursed (cursed, accused, denounced)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of abiśasta
abiśasta - cursed, accused, denounced, slandered
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root śas (to praise, but here used in sense of 'curse' or 'accuse' with abhi). The 'a' prefix here likely denotes negation of 'uncused' or sometimes can be intensive for 'badly cursed'. Given the list of undesirable people, 'cursed' is the appropriate interpretation. Or it is a variant of 'abhisaṃśasta'.
Prefix: a
Root: śas (class 2)
तु (tu) - but, indeed, however
(indeclinable)
तातेन (tātena) - by the father
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tāta
tāta - father, dear father, respected person
पिशुनः (piśunaḥ) - slanderer, malicious, wicked person
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of piśuna
piśuna - slanderer, malicious, wicked, cruel, tale-bearer
सोमविक्रयी (somavikrayī) - seller of Soma
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of somavikrayin
somavikrayin - seller of Soma (an intoxicating ritual drink, selling which was considered a sin)
Compound of soma and vikrayin (seller)
Compound type : tatpurusha (soma+vikrayin)
- soma – Soma (a plant, its juice, the moon, a ritual drink)
noun (masculine) - vikrayin – seller, vendor
noun (masculine)
Agent noun from root krī (to buy) with upasarga vi
Prefix: vi
Root: krī (class 9)