मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-31, verse-33
रेतोमूत्रकृताहारास्तन्मासं पितरस्तयोः ।
तस्मात्तु प्रथमं कार्यं प्राज्ञेनोपनिमन्त्रणम् ॥३३॥
तस्मात्तु प्रथमं कार्यं प्राज्ञेनोपनिमन्त्रणम् ॥३३॥
33. retomūtrakṛtāhārāstanmāsaṃ pitarastayoḥ .
tasmāttu prathamaṃ kāryaṃ prājñenopanimantraṇam.
tasmāttu prathamaṃ kāryaṃ prājñenopanimantraṇam.
33.
retomūtrakṛtāhārāḥ tat māsaṃ pitaraḥ tayoḥ tasmāt
tu prathamaṃ kāryaṃ prājñena upanīmantraṇam
tu prathamaṃ kāryaṃ prājñena upanīmantraṇam
33.
For a month, the ancestors (pitaraḥ) of those two subsist on semen and urine. Therefore, a wise person should first arrange for an invitation [to the appropriate rites].
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- रेतोमूत्रकृताहाराः (retomūtrakṛtāhārāḥ) - those whose food is semen and urine; having semen and urine as food
- तत् (tat) - that, this; it
- मासं (māsaṁ) - month
- पितरः (pitaraḥ) - fathers, ancestors
- तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two, of them two
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet
- प्रथमं (prathamaṁ) - first, primary
- कार्यं (kāryaṁ) - duty, action, what is to be done
- प्राज्ञेन (prājñena) - by a wise person, by an intelligent person
- उपनीमन्त्रणम् (upanīmantraṇam) - invitation for a religious ceremony or offering (like śrāddha) (invitation)
Words meanings and morphology
रेतोमूत्रकृताहाराः (retomūtrakṛtāhārāḥ) - those whose food is semen and urine; having semen and urine as food
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of retomūtrakṛtāhāra
retomūtrakṛtāhāra - one whose food is semen and urine; having semen and urine as food
Bahuvrīhi compound formed from retaḥ (semen), mūtra (urine), kṛta (made/done), āhāra (food). Literally, 'whose food is made of semen and urine'.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (retas+mūtra+kṛta+āhāra)
- retas – semen, seed
noun (neuter) - mūtra – urine
noun (neuter) - kṛta – made, done, performed
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root kṛ (to do, make)
Root: kṛ (class 8) - āhāra – food, sustenance
noun (masculine)
Derived from root hṛ with prefix ā
Prefix: ā
Root: hṛ (class 1)
तत् (tat) - that, this; it
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, this, it
Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter. Here it seems to imply 'that condition'.
मासं (māsaṁ) - month
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of māsa
māsa - month
Note: Accusative of duration 'for a month'.
पितरः (pitaraḥ) - fathers, ancestors
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor
तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two, of them two
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, dual of tad
tad - that, this
Note: Refers to some two entities from prior context.
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that
(indeclinable)
Note: Used adverbially.
तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle.
प्रथमं (prathamaṁ) - first, primary
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of prathama
prathama - first, primary, initial
Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter. Here seems to agree with kāryaṃ.
कार्यं (kāryaṁ) - duty, action, what is to be done
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya
kārya - what is to be done, duty, action, business
Gerundive (or Noun derived from Gerundive)
Derived from root kṛ (to do, make) + suffix -ya. Expresses obligation or possibility.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
प्राज्ञेन (prājñena) - by a wise person, by an intelligent person
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of prājña
prājña - wise, intelligent, knowing, a wise person
Derived from pra + jñā (to know well).
Prefix: pra
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Refers to the agent performing the action.
उपनीमन्त्रणम् (upanīmantraṇam) - invitation for a religious ceremony or offering (like śrāddha) (invitation)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of upanīmantraṇa
upanīmantraṇa - invitation, summoning
Derived from root mantr (to advise, invoke) with prefixes upa and ni.
Prefixes: upa+ni
Root: mantr (class 10)
Note: This is the object of the 'duty' (kāryaṃ) or the 'first action'.