महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-42, verse-52

ततः कर्णो महाराज व्याक्षिपद्विजयं धनुः ।
अर्जुनं समरे क्रुद्धः प्रेक्षमाणो मुहुर्मुहुः ।
द्वैरथं चापि पार्थेन कामयानो महारणे ॥५२॥

52. tataḥ karṇo mahārāja vyākṣipadvijayaṁ dhanuḥ ,
arjunaṁ samare kruddhaḥ prekṣamāṇo muhurmuhuḥ ,
dvairathaṁ cāpi pārthena kāmayāno mahāraṇe.

52. tataḥ karṇaḥ mahārāja vyākṣipat
vijayam dhanuḥ arjunam samare kruddhaḥ
prekṣamāṇaḥ muhurmuhuḥ dvairatham
ca api pārthena kāmayānaḥ mahāraṇe

52. Then, O great king, the enraged Karna drew his bow named Vijaya. Repeatedly looking at Arjuna in battle, he desired single combat (dvairatham) with Pṛthā's son (Arjuna) in that great war.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Used in the vocative to address Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O great king)

• व्याक्षिपत् (vyākṣipat) - drew (the bow), pulled (the string)

• विजयम् (vijayam) - Refers to Karna's bow, which was known by the name Vijaya. (victorious; named Vijaya)

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

• प्रेक्षमाणः (prekṣamāṇaḥ) - looking at, observing

• मुहुर्मुहुः (muhurmuhuḥ) - again and again, repeatedly

• द्वैरथम् (dvairatham) - single combat (chariot vs. chariot)

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• पार्थेन (pārthena) - with Pṛthā's son, with Arjuna

• कामयानः (kāmayānaḥ) - desiring, wishing for

• महारणे (mahāraṇe) - in the great battle

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (name of a prominent warrior in the Mahābhārata)

महाराज (mahārāja) - Used in the vocative to address Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

व्याक्षिपत् (vyākṣipat) - drew (the bow), pulled (the string)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of kṣip

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: kṣip (class 6)

विजयम् (vijayam) - Refers to Karna's bow, which was known by the name Vijaya. (victorious; named Vijaya)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, conquest; victorious; name of a bow (Karna's or Arjuna's)

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a celebrated hero, son of Pṛthā and Indra)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √krudh (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

प्रेक्षमाणः (prekṣamāṇaḥ) - looking at, observing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prekṣamāṇa

prekṣamāṇa - looking at, beholding, observing

Present Middle Participle

Derived from the root √īkṣ (to see, look) with the prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

मुहुर्मुहुः (muhurmuhuḥ) - again and again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

द्वैरथम् (dvairatham) - single combat (chariot vs. chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dvairatha

dvairatha - battle between two chariots, single combat between two charioteers

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

पार्थेन (pārthena) - with Pṛthā's son, with Arjuna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī); a name for Arjuna

कामयानः (kāmayānaḥ) - desiring, wishing for

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāmayāna

kāmayāna - desiring, wishing for

Present Middle Participle

Derived from the desiderative stem of √kam (to desire).

Root: kam (class 10)

महारणे (mahāraṇe) - in the great battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāraṇa

mahāraṇa - great battle, great war

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+raṇa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)