महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-42, verse-44

दृष्ट्वायान्तौ महावीर्यावुभौ कृष्णधनंजयौ ।
धृष्टद्युम्नवधे राजंश्चक्रे यत्नं महाबलः ॥४४॥

44. dṛṣṭvāyāntau mahāvīryāvubhau kṛṣṇadhanaṁjayau ,
dhṛṣṭadyumnavadhe rājaṁścakre yatnaṁ mahābalaḥ.

44. dṛṣṭvā āyāntau mahāvīryau ubhau kṛṣṇadhanañjayau
dhṛṣṭadyumnavadhe rājan cakre yatnam mahābalaḥ

44. rājan mahābalaḥ ubhau mahāvīryau kṛṣṇadhanañjayau
āyāntau dṛṣṭvā dhṛṣṭadyumnavadhe yatnam cakre

44. O king, having seen both Kṛṣṇa and Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), those mighty heroes, approaching, the exceedingly powerful (Drauṇi) made a determined effort to slay Dhṛṣṭadyumna.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• आयान्तौ (āyāntau) - approaching, coming

• महावीर्यौ (mahāvīryau) - mighty-valiant, of great valor

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• कृष्णधनञ्जयौ (kṛṣṇadhanañjayau) - Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna (Kṛṣṇa and Dhanañjaya)

• धृष्टद्युम्नवधे (dhṛṣṭadyumnavadhe) - in the slaying of Dhṛṣṭadyumna

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• चक्रे (cakre) - he made, he did

• यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, attempt, endeavor

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - Drauṇi (Aśvatthāman) (exceedingly powerful, mighty-strong)

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

आयान्तौ (āyāntau) - approaching, coming

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, dual of āyānt

āyānt - coming, approaching

Present Active Participle

from ā (prefix) + root yā (to go)

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with kṛṣṇadhanañjayau

महावीर्यौ (mahāvīryau) - mighty-valiant, of great valor

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of mahāvīrya

mahāvīrya - very brave, mighty, powerful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+vīrya)

• mahat – great, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• vīrya – valor, strength, heroism
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with kṛṣṇadhanañjayau

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Agrees with kṛṣṇadhanañjayau

कृष्णधनञ्जयौ (kṛṣṇadhanañjayau) - Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna (Kṛṣṇa and Dhanañjaya)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of kṛṣṇadhanañjaya

kṛṣṇadhanañjaya - Kṛṣṇa and Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)

Compound type : dvandva (kṛṣṇa+dhanañjaya)

• kṛṣṇa – Kṛṣṇa
  proper noun (masculine)
• dhanañjaya – Dhanañjaya (Arjuna, 'conqueror of wealth')
  proper noun (masculine)

धृष्टद्युम्नवधे (dhṛṣṭadyumnavadhe) - in the slaying of Dhṛṣṭadyumna

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumnavadha

dhṛṣṭadyumnavadha - the slaying/killing of Dhṛṣṭadyumna

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhṛṣṭadyumna+vadha)

• dhṛṣṭadyumna – Dhṛṣṭadyumna (proper noun)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vadha – slaying, killing
  noun (masculine)
  from root vadh (to strike, kill)
  Root: vadh (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

चक्रे (cakre) - he made, he did

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of kṛ

Perfect middle

root kṛ, perfect 3rd singular middle voice

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, attempt, endeavor

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, attempt

from root yat (to strive, endeavor)

Root: yat (class 1)

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - Drauṇi (Aśvatthāman) (exceedingly powerful, mighty-strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+bala)

• mahat – great, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Drauṇi (Aśvatthāman)