महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-42, verse-4

धृष्टद्युम्नो महाराज सहितः सर्वराजभिः ।
कर्णमेवाभिदुद्राव पाण्डवाश्च महारथाः ॥४॥

4. dhṛṣṭadyumno mahārāja sahitaḥ sarvarājabhiḥ ,
karṇamevābhidudrāva pāṇḍavāśca mahārathāḥ.

4. dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ mahārāja sahitaḥ sarvarājabhiḥ
karṇam eva abhidudrāva pāṇḍavāḥ ca mahārathāḥ

4. mahārāja! dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ sarvarājabhiḥ sahitaḥ,
ca mahārathāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ,
karṇam eva abhidudrāva.

4. O great king (mahārāja)! Dhṛṣṭadyumna, accompanied by all the kings (sarvarājabhiḥ), and the great charioteers (mahārathāḥ) Pāṇḍavas, rushed directly towards Karṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Sanjaya addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O great king)

• सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by, together with

• सर्वराजभिः (sarvarājabhiḥ) - by all the kings

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the direct target: 'towards Karṇa himself'. (indeed, only, just)

• अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - he rushed towards, he attacked

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

• च (ca) - and, also

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers, great warriors

Words meanings and morphology

धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Name of the commander of the Pāṇḍava army, son of Drupada.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛṣṭa+dyumna)

• dhṛṣṭa – bold, audacious, insolent, arrogant
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhṛṣ (to be bold, daring).
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)
• dyumna – glory, splendor, might, wealth
  noun (neuter)

महाराज (mahārāja) - Sanjaya addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound of mahā (great) and rājan (king).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by, together with

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined, united, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sah (to bear, endure) or from 'sa-' (with) + hita (placed).

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

सर्वराजभिः (sarvarājabhiḥ) - by all the kings

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarvarājan

sarvarājan - all kings, every king

Compound of sarva (all) and rājan (king).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+rājan)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; name of the elder brother of the Pāṇḍavas, son of Sūrya and Kuntī.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the direct target: 'towards Karṇa himself'. (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - he rushed towards, he attacked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of abhidudrāva

perfect tense form

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of the root dru (to run) with prefix abhi-.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, specifically the five sons of Pāṇḍu: Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna, Nakula, and Sahadeva.

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers, great warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great charioteer, a great warrior who can fight many thousands of opponents.

Compound of mahā (great) and ratha (chariot/warrior on a chariot).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot; warrior (on a chariot)
  noun (masculine)