महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-42, verse-11

तथैव राजन्कर्णोऽपि पार्षतं शत्रुतापनम् ।
द्रोणशत्रुं महेष्वासो विव्याध निशितैः शरैः ॥११॥

11. tathaiva rājankarṇo'pi pārṣataṁ śatrutāpanam ,
droṇaśatruṁ maheṣvāso vivyādha niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ.

11. tathā eva rājan karṇaḥ api pārṣatam śatrutāpanam
droṇaśatrum maheṣvāsaḥ vivyādha niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ

11. rājan tathaiva maheṣvāsaḥ karṇaḥ api śatrutāpanam
droṇaśatrum pārṣatam niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ vivyādha

11. Likewise, O King, Karna too, the great archer, pierced the son of Pṛṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna), who was the tormentor of enemies and the foe of Droṇa, with sharpened arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• एव (eva) - likewise (indeed, just, only, exactly)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O King)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - Pṛṣata's son (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (Pṛṣata's son)

• शत्रुतापनम् (śatrutāpanam) - tormentor of enemies, afflictor of foes

• द्रोणशत्रुम् (droṇaśatrum) - enemy of Droṇa

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - great archer, one with a great bow

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he struck

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharpened, with whetted

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - likewise (indeed, just, only, exactly)

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Addressing Dhritarashtra.

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (a prominent warrior in the Mahabharata, son of Surya and Kunti)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - Pṛṣata's son (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (Pṛṣata's son)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - son of Pṛṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna, Drupada)

Note: Refers to Dhṛṣṭadyumna.

शत्रुतापनम् (śatrutāpanam) - tormentor of enemies, afflictor of foes

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatrutāpana

śatrutāpana - tormenting enemies, afflicting foes

Agent noun/adjective

Derived from the causative of root tap (to heat, torment) with śatru as first member of compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+tāpana)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• tāpana – heating, tormenting, afflicting
  adjective
  Agent noun/adjective
  Derived from causative of root tap (to heat, torment).
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Dhṛṣṭadyumna.

द्रोणशत्रुम् (droṇaśatrum) - enemy of Droṇa

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇaśatru

droṇaśatru - enemy of Droṇa (referring to Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+śatru)

• droṇa – Droṇa (a preceptor and warrior in the Mahabharata)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Dhṛṣṭadyumna.

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - great archer, one with a great bow

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, possessing a great bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+iṣvāsa)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow, archer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for Karna.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vivyādha

Perfect (Liṭ)

3rd person singular, active voice. Root vyadh with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharpened, with whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharpened, whetted, keen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śo (to sharpen) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed