महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-42, verse-5

आगच्छमानांस्तान्संख्ये प्रहृष्टान्विजयैषिणः ।
दधारैको रणे कर्णो जलौघानिव पर्वतः ॥५॥

5. āgacchamānāṁstānsaṁkhye prahṛṣṭānvijayaiṣiṇaḥ ,
dadhāraiko raṇe karṇo jalaughāniva parvataḥ.

5. āgacchamānān tān saṃkhye prahr̥ṣṭān vijayaiṣiṇaḥ
dadhāra ekaḥ raṇe karṇaḥ jalaughān iva parvataḥ

5. saṃkhye raṇe ekaḥ karṇaḥ āgacchamānān prahr̥ṣṭān
vijayaiṣiṇaḥ tān parvataḥ jalaughān iva dadhāra

5. In battle, Karna alone withstood those approaching, who were greatly exhilarated and desirous of victory, just as a mountain withstands torrents of water.

Words meanings summery:

• आगच्छमानान् (āgacchamānān) - those who were approaching (coming, approaching)

• तान् (tān) - those (the approaching warriors) (them, those)

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in conflict)

• प्रह्र्̥ष्टान् (prahr̥ṣṭān) - greatly exhilarated (delighted, greatly pleased, exhilarated)

• विजयैषिणः (vijayaiṣiṇaḥ) - desirous of victory (desirous of victory, seeking victory)

• दधार (dadhāra) - withstood, sustained (held, sustained, bore, supported, withstood)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - alone (one, alone, single)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in conflict)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (Karna (proper noun), ear)

• जलौघान् (jalaughān) - floods of water (torrents of water, floods)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• पर्वतः (parvataḥ) - a mountain (mountain, hill)

Words meanings and morphology

आगच्छमानान् (āgacchamānān) - those who were approaching (coming, approaching)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āgacchamāna

āgacchamāna - coming, approaching, advancing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root `gam` (to go) with prefix `ā` (towards) and suffix `śānac` (active participle).

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

तान् (tān) - those (the approaching warriors) (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃkhya

saṁkhya - battle, conflict, number, reckoning

From `sam` + `khyā` (to tell, enumerate, distinguish).

Prefix: sam

Root: khyā

प्रह्र्̥ष्टान् (prahr̥ṣṭān) - greatly exhilarated (delighted, greatly pleased, exhilarated)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prahr̥ṣṭa

prahr̥ṣṭa - delighted, glad, joyful, exhilarated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `hr̥ṣ` (to be excited, rejoice) with prefix `pra` (forth, greatly) and suffix `kta`.

Prefix: pra

Root: hr̥ṣ (class 4)

विजयैषिणः (vijayaiṣiṇaḥ) - desirous of victory (desirous of victory, seeking victory)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vijayaiṣin

vijayaiṣin - desirous of victory, seeking victory

Compound of `vijaya` (victory) and `eṣin` (desirous of, seeking).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vijaya+eṣin)

• vijaya – victory, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `ji` (to conquer) with prefix `vi`.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ji (class 1)
• eṣin – desirous of, seeking, wishing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root `iṣ` (to wish, desire) with suffix `ṇin`.
  Root: iṣ (class 4)

दधार (dadhāra) - withstood, sustained (held, sustained, bore, supported, withstood)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dhā

Perfect tense, third person singular

Reduplicated perfect form of root `dhā`.

Root: dhā (class 3)

एकः (ekaḥ) - alone (one, alone, single)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, conflict, sound, pleasure

From root `raṇ` (to rejoice, shout).

Root: raṇ (class 1)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (Karna (proper noun), ear)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (name of a warrior in Mahabharata), ear, helm

जलौघान् (jalaughān) - floods of water (torrents of water, floods)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of jalaugha

jalaugha - flood of water, torrent

Compound of `jala` (water) and `ogha` (flood, torrent).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jala+ogha)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• ogha – flood, torrent, stream, multitude
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `vah` (to carry) with prefix `ava` and `ghañ`. `ava + vah -> ogha`.
  Root: vah (class 1)

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

particle of comparison

पर्वतः (parvataḥ) - a mountain (mountain, hill)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill, rock