महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-42, verse-20

इत्युक्त्वा सुभृशं वीरः शीघ्रकृन्निशितैः शरैः ।
पार्षतं छादयामास घोररूपैः सुतेजनैः ।
यतमानं परं शक्त्या यतमानो महारथः ॥२०॥

20. ityuktvā subhṛśaṁ vīraḥ śīghrakṛnniśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
pārṣataṁ chādayāmāsa ghorarūpaiḥ sutejanaiḥ ,
yatamānaṁ paraṁ śaktyā yatamāno mahārathaḥ.

20. iti uktvā subhṛśam vīraḥ śīghrakṛt
niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ pārṣatam chādayāmāsa
ghorarūpaiḥ sutejanaiḥ yatamānam
param śaktyā yatamānaḥ mahārathaḥ

20. iti uktvā subhṛśam vīraḥ śīghrakṛt
mahārathaḥ param śaktyā yatamānaḥ
ghorarūpaiḥ sutejanaiḥ niśitaiḥ
śaraiḥ yatamānam pārṣatam chādayāmāsa

20. Having spoken thus, the hero, swift in action, the great charioteer (Droṇi), while exerting himself with great power (śakti), enveloped Pārṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna), who was also striving, with dreadful and exceedingly sharp arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• सुभृशम् (subhṛśam) - very much, exceedingly, intensely

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - Droṇi (Aśvatthāman) (hero, brave man)

• शीघ्रकृत् (śīghrakṛt) - swift-acting, quick in action

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp, with whetted

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - Pārṣata, son of Pṛṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

• छादयामास (chādayāmāsa) - covered, enveloped

• घोररूपैः (ghorarūpaiḥ) - describing the arrows (with dreadful forms, dreadful in appearance)

• सुतेजनैः (sutejanaiḥ) - describing the arrows (with very keen, with well-sharpened)

• यतमानम् (yatamānam) - Pārṣata, who was striving (striving, endeavoring, exerting oneself (accusative))

• परम् (param) - greatly, exceedingly, supremely

• शक्त्या (śaktyā) - with power, by strength

• यतमानः (yatamānaḥ) - Droṇi, who was striving (striving, endeavoring, exerting oneself (nominative))

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - Droṇi (Aśvatthāman) (great charioteer, mighty warrior)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Indeclinable past participle (absolutive) formed from root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

सुभृशम् (subhṛśam) - very much, exceedingly, intensely

(indeclinable)

वीरः (vīraḥ) - Droṇi (Aśvatthāman) (hero, brave man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valorous man, warrior

शीघ्रकृत् (śīghrakṛt) - swift-acting, quick in action

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śīghrakṛt

śīghrakṛt - swift in action, quick-acting

Compound type : tatpurusha (śīghra+kṛt)

• śīghra – swift, quick, speedy
  adjective (neuter)
• kṛt – doing, making, performing; an agent, maker
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'kṛ' (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp, with whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, keen

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from root 'śo/śi' (to sharpen) with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: śi (class 4)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - Pārṣata, son of Pṛṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - son of Pṛṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

Patronymic from 'Pṛṣata'.

छादयामास (chādayāmāsa) - covered, enveloped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of chad

Periphrastic perfect 3rd person singular active voice, formed with 'āmāsa'.

Root: chad (class 10)

घोररूपैः (ghorarūpaiḥ) - describing the arrows (with dreadful forms, dreadful in appearance)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ghorarūpa

ghorarūpa - of dreadful form, terrible in appearance

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ghora+rūpa)

• ghora – dreadful, terrible, fierce, awful
  adjective (neuter)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, beauty
  noun (neuter)

सुतेजनैः (sutejanaiḥ) - describing the arrows (with very keen, with well-sharpened)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sutejana

sutejana - very sharp, well-sharpened, keen

Compound type : karmadharaya (su+tejana)

• su – good, well, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• tejana – sharpening, keen, sharp
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from root 'tij' (to sharpen).
  Root: tij (class 1)

यतमानम् (yatamānam) - Pārṣata, who was striving (striving, endeavoring, exerting oneself (accusative))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatamāna

yatamāna - striving, endeavoring, exerting oneself

Present Middle Participle

Present middle participle of root 'yat' (to strive, endeavor).

Root: yat (class 1)

परम् (param) - greatly, exceedingly, supremely

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

शक्त्या (śaktyā) - with power, by strength

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, strength, capability; divine energy (śakti)

Root: śak (class 5)

यतमानः (yatamānaḥ) - Droṇi, who was striving (striving, endeavoring, exerting oneself (nominative))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatamāna

yatamāna - striving, endeavoring, exerting oneself

Present Middle Participle

Present middle participle of root 'yat' (to strive, endeavor).

Root: yat (class 1)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - Droṇi (Aśvatthāman) (great charioteer, mighty warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior (one who can fight 10,000 warriors)

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ratha – chariot; a warrior fighting from a chariot
  noun (masculine)