महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-98, verse-51

ते हि वैतस्तिका नाम शरा आसन्नयोधिनः ।
द्रोणस्य विदिता राजन्धृष्टद्युम्नमवाक्षिपन् ॥५१॥

51. te hi vaitastikā nāma śarā āsannayodhinaḥ ,
droṇasya viditā rājandhṛṣṭadyumnamavākṣipan.

51. te hi vaitastikā nāma śarāḥ āsannayodhinaḥ
droṇasya viditā rājan dhṛṣṭadyumnam avākṣipan

51. rājan! droṇasya viditāḥ te hi vaitastikā nāma
āsannayodhinaḥ śarāḥ dhṛṣṭadyumnam avākṣipan

51. For those very arrows, named Vaitastika, O King, which are known to Drona for fighting at close quarters, struck Dhrishtadyumna.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• वैतस्तिका (vaitastikā) - named Vaitastika (arrows)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named

• शराः (śarāḥ) - arrows

• आसन्नयोधिनः (āsannayodhinaḥ) - fighting at close quarters, close combatants

• द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - of Drona

• विदिता (viditā) - known, understood

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• धृष्टद्युम्नम् (dhṛṣṭadyumnam) - Dhrishtadyumna

• अवाक्षिपन् (avākṣipan) - they struck, they threw

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

वैतस्तिका (vaitastikā) - named Vaitastika (arrows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vaitastika

vaitastika - related to a vitasti (a span), a particular type of arrow

Derived from vitasti (a measure, a span).

नाम (nāma) - by name, named

(indeclinable)

Often used as an adverb or particle.

शराः (śarāḥ) - arrows

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed, shaft

आसन्नयोधिनः (āsannayodhinaḥ) - fighting at close quarters, close combatants

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āsannayodhin

āsannayodhin - fighting at close quarters, close combatant

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āsanna+yodhin)

• āsanna – near, proximate, approaching
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix ā- (near) + root sad (to sit, approach).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: sad (class 1)
• yodhin – fighter, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root yudh (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)

द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - of Drona

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of a warrior and teacher, preceptor of the Kauravas and Pandavas)

विदिता (viditā) - known, understood

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidita

vidita - known, understood, perceived

Past Passive Participle

From root vid (to know, perceive).

Root: vid (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

धृष्टद्युम्नम् (dhṛṣṭadyumnam) - Dhrishtadyumna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhrishtadyumna (name of a Pandava general, son of Drupada)

अवाक्षिपन् (avākṣipan) - they struck, they threw

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṣip

Imperfect Tense

Root verb in imperfect tense, 3rd person plural active, with prefix ava-.

Prefix: ava

Root: kṣip (class 6)