महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-7, chapter-98, verse-21
त्वया हीनं बलं ह्येतद्विद्रविष्यति भारत ।
आत्मार्थं योधय रणे सात्यकिं सत्यविक्रमम् ॥२१॥
आत्मार्थं योधय रणे सात्यकिं सत्यविक्रमम् ॥२१॥
21. tvayā hīnaṁ balaṁ hyetadvidraviṣyati bhārata ,
ātmārthaṁ yodhaya raṇe sātyakiṁ satyavikramam.
ātmārthaṁ yodhaya raṇe sātyakiṁ satyavikramam.
21.
tvayā hīnam balam hi etat vidraviṣyati bhārata |
ātma-artham yodhay raṇe sātyakim satya-vikramam
ātma-artham yodhay raṇe sātyakim satya-vikramam
21.
bhārata,
tvayā hīnam etat balam hi vidraviṣyati ātma-artham raṇe satya-vikramam sātyakim yodhay
tvayā hīnam etat balam hi vidraviṣyati ātma-artham raṇe satya-vikramam sātyakim yodhay
21.
O Bhārata, this army, deprived of you, will indeed flee. Therefore, for your own sake (ātman), fight Satyaki—the one of true valor—in battle.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- त्वया (tvayā) - by you, with you
- हीनम् (hīnam) - deprived of, wanting, inferior
- बलम् (balam) - army, strength, force
- हि (hi) - indeed, for, because
- एतत् (etat) - this
- विद्रविष्यति (vidraviṣyati) - will flee, will run away
- भारत (bhārata) - O Duryodhana (O descendant of Bharata)
- आत्म-अर्थम् (ātma-artham) - For your own sake (for oneself, for one's own sake)
- योधय् (yodhay) - Engage in battle (with Satyaki)! (fight!, cause to fight!)
- रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield
- सात्यकिम् (sātyakim) - Satyaki
- सत्य-विक्रमम् (satya-vikramam) - of true valor, whose prowess is truth
Words meanings and morphology
त्वया (tvayā) - by you, with you
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
हीनम् (hīnam) - deprived of, wanting, inferior
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of hīna
hīna - deprived of, devoid of, left behind, inferior
Past Passive Participle
From root 'hā' (to abandon, to leave).
Root: hā (class 3)
Note: Qualifies 'balam'.
बलम् (balam) - army, strength, force
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of bala
bala - strength, power, force, army
Note: Subject of 'vidraviṣyati'.
हि (hi) - indeed, for, because
(indeclinable)
Note: Particle emphasizing the statement.
एतत् (etat) - this
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, this one
Note: Qualifies 'balam'.
विद्रविष्यति (vidraviṣyati) - will flee, will run away
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vidru
Future Indicative, Active Voice
From root 'dru' (to run) with prefix 'vi'. 1st class, parasmaipada, future 3rd person singular.
Prefix: vi
Root: dru (class 1)
भारत (bhārata) - O Duryodhana (O descendant of Bharata)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata
bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata
Patronymic from Bharata.
Note: Standard address in the Mahabharata.
आत्म-अर्थम् (ātma-artham) - For your own sake (for oneself, for one's own sake)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ātma-artha
ātma-artha - one's own purpose, one's own interest, for oneself
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+artha)
- ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
noun (masculine) - artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
noun (masculine)
Note: Used adverbially.
योधय् (yodhay) - Engage in battle (with Satyaki)! (fight!, cause to fight!)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of yudh
Causative Imperative, Active Voice
Causative form (yodhayati) of root 'yudh' (4th class), imperative 2nd person singular.
Root: yudh (class 4)
रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa
raṇa - battle, combat, war
Root: raṇ (class 1)
सात्यकिम् (sātyakim) - Satyaki
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sātyaki
sātyaki - Satyaki (a Yadava warrior)
Note: Object of 'yodhay'.
सत्य-विक्रमम् (satya-vikramam) - of true valor, whose prowess is truth
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of satya-vikrama
satya-vikrama - one whose valor is true, of true prowess/valor
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+vikrama)
- satya – truth, true, real
noun (neuter) - vikrama – valor, prowess, heroism, stride
noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifies 'sātyakim'.