महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-98, verse-35

ततोऽपतद्रथात्तूर्णं पाञ्चाल्यः कुलनन्दनः ।
पर्वताग्रादिव महांश्चम्पको वायुपीडितः ॥३५॥

35. tato'patadrathāttūrṇaṁ pāñcālyaḥ kulanandanaḥ ,
parvatāgrādiva mahāṁścampako vāyupīḍitaḥ.

35. tataḥ apatat rathāt tūrṇam pāñcālyaḥ kulanandanaḥ
parvatāgrāt iva mahān campakaḥ vāyupīḍitaḥ

35. tataḥ pāñcālyaḥ kulanandanaḥ tūrṇam rathāt apatat,
mahān campakaḥ vāyupīḍitaḥ parvatāgrāt iva

35. Then the Pāñcāla prince, the delight of his family, quickly fell from his chariot, just as a large Campaka tree, tormented by the wind, falls from a mountain peak.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

• अपतत् (apatat) - fell (fell, flew down)

• रथात् (rathāt) - from his chariot (from the chariot)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• पाञ्चाल्यः (pāñcālyaḥ) - the Pāñcāla prince (Viraketu) (the Pāñcāla prince)

• कुलनन्दनः (kulanandanaḥ) - the delight of his family (delight of the family, joy of the lineage)

• पर्वताग्रात् (parvatāgrāt) - from a mountain peak (from the top of a mountain, from a mountain peak)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• महान् (mahān) - a large (great, large, mighty)

• चम्पकः (campakaḥ) - Campaka tree (Campaka tree (Michelia champaca))

• वायुपीडितः (vāyupīḍitaḥ) - tormented by the wind (tormented by the wind, struck by the wind)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial derivative from `tad`.

अपतत् (apatat) - fell (fell, flew down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect (laṅ)

From root `pat` (to fall). The augment `a` and `t` ending indicate third person singular imperfect.

Root: pat (class 1)

रथात् (rathāt) - from his chariot (from the chariot)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Root: ram

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Originally a past passive participle of `√tvar` (to hasten).

Root: tvar (class 1)

पाञ्चाल्यः (pāñcālyaḥ) - the Pāñcāla prince (Viraketu) (the Pāñcāla prince)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāñcālya

pāñcālya - a prince of the Pāñcālas, descendant of Pāñcāla

Derived from `pañcāla` (name of a kingdom/people) + `ya` suffix.

कुलनन्दनः (kulanandanaḥ) - the delight of his family (delight of the family, joy of the lineage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kulanandana

kulanandana - delight of the family, joy of the lineage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kula+nandana)

• kula – family, lineage, race
  noun (neuter)
• nandana – delighting, gladdening; a son, child (lit. one who delights)
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from `√nand`
  From root `nand` (to rejoice) + `ana` suffix.
  Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Appositive to `pāñcālyaḥ`.

पर्वताग्रात् (parvatāgrāt) - from a mountain peak (from the top of a mountain, from a mountain peak)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of parvatāgra

parvatāgra - mountain peak, summit of a mountain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parvata+agra)

• parvata – mountain
  noun (masculine)
• agra – top, peak, summit
  noun (neuter)

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

महान् (mahān) - a large (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Nominative singular masculine form.

चम्पकः (campakaḥ) - Campaka tree (Campaka tree (Michelia champaca))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of campaka

campaka - Campaka tree (Michelia champaca), its flower

Root: camp (class 1)

Note: Subject of the simile.

वायुपीडितः (vāyupīḍitaḥ) - tormented by the wind (tormented by the wind, struck by the wind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyupīḍita

vāyupīḍita - tormented by the wind, oppressed by the wind, wind-stricken

Past Passive Participle

Compound of `vāyu` (wind) and `pīḍita` (tormented, oppressed, from `√pīḍ`).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāyu+pīḍita)

• vāyu – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vā (class 2)
• pīḍita – tormented, afflicted, oppressed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `pīḍ` (to torment, oppress) + `kta` (ta) suffix.
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)