महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-98, verse-36

तस्मिन्हते महेष्वासे राजपुत्रे महाबले ।
पाञ्चालास्त्वरिता द्रोणं समन्तात्पर्यवारयन् ॥३६॥

36. tasminhate maheṣvāse rājaputre mahābale ,
pāñcālāstvaritā droṇaṁ samantātparyavārayan.

36. tasmin hate maheṣvāse rājaputre mahābale
pāñcālāḥ tvaritā droṇam samantāt paryavārayan

36. tasmin maheṣvāse mahābale rājaputre hate
pāñcālāḥ tvaritā samantāt droṇam paryavārayan

36. When that mighty prince, a great archer, was killed, the Panchalas swiftly surrounded Drona from all sides.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (prince) (in that; on that; to that; him; that)

• हते (hate) - when (he was) killed (killed, slain, struck, injured)

• महेष्वासे (maheṣvāse) - great archer, having a great bow

• राजपुत्रे (rājaputre) - prince, son of a king

• महाबले (mahābale) - mighty, very strong, of great strength

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Panchalas (people from the Pañcāla kingdom)

• त्वरिता (tvaritā) - (being) swift, quickly (hastened, swift, quick)

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (a proper name)

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, completely

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded, they encompassed

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (prince) (in that; on that; to that; him; that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the prince who was killed.

हते (hate) - when (he was) killed (killed, slain, struck, injured)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck

Past Passive Participle

From root 'han' (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

महेष्वासे (maheṣvāse) - great archer, having a great bow

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - one having a great bow, a great archer

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣu+āsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow (literally 'arrow-thrower')
  noun (masculine)

राजपुत्रे (rājaputre) - prince, son of a king

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rājaputra

rājaputra - prince, son of a king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

महाबले (mahābale) - mighty, very strong, of great strength

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, might
  noun (neuter)

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Panchalas (people from the Pañcāla kingdom)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a native or inhabitant of the Pañcāla country

त्वरिता (tvaritā) - (being) swift, quickly (hastened, swift, quick)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tvarita

tvarita - hastened, swift, quick, agile

Past Passive Participle

From root 'tvar' (to hasten, be quick)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: While 'pāñcālāḥ' is masculine plural, 'tvaritā' appears in its feminine singular or neuter plural nominative form. In context, it functions adjectivally for 'pāñcālāḥ', suggesting an expected form like 'tvaritāḥ' (masculine plural) for grammatical agreement. This may be a poetic license, a textual variant, or an older grammatical usage.

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of the teacher of the Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas)

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, completely

(indeclinable)

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded, they encompassed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pari + ava + vṛ

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)