महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-98, verse-34

स भित्त्वा तु शरो राजन्पाञ्चाल्यं कुलनन्दनम् ।
अभ्यगाद्धरणीं तूर्णं लोहितार्द्रो ज्वलन्निव ॥३४॥

34. sa bhittvā tu śaro rājanpāñcālyaṁ kulanandanam ,
abhyagāddharaṇīṁ tūrṇaṁ lohitārdro jvalanniva.

34. sa bhittvā tu śaraḥ rājan pāñcālyam kulanandanam
abhyagāt dharaṇīm tūrṇam lohitārdraḥ jvalan iva

34. rājan sa śaraḥ tu pāñcālyam kulanandanam bhittvā
lohitārdraḥ jvalan iva tūrṇam dharaṇīm abhyagāt

34. O King, that arrow, having pierced the Pāñcāla prince, the delight of his family, quickly struck the ground, covered in blood and as if ablaze.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - that (arrow) (that, he)

• भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having pierced (having pierced, having split, having broken)

• तु (tu) - indeed (particle of emphasis) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• शरः (śaraḥ) - the arrow (arrow)

• राजन् (rājan) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (vocative) (O king)

• पाञ्चाल्यम् (pāñcālyam) - the Pāñcāla prince (referring to Viraketu, son of the Pāñcāla king) (the Pāñcāla (prince))

• कुलनन्दनम् (kulanandanam) - the delight of his family (delight of the family, joy of the lineage)

• अभ्यगात् (abhyagāt) - struck (the earth) (went towards, reached, struck)

• धरणीम् (dharaṇīm) - the earth/ground (the earth, ground)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• लोहितार्द्रः (lohitārdraḥ) - covered in blood (wet with blood, blood-soaked)

• ज्वलन् (jvalan) - blazing (as if) (burning, shining)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - that (arrow) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Masculine nominative singular form.

भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having pierced (having pierced, having split, having broken)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root `bhid` (to split, break) + suffix `tvā`.

Root: bhid (class 7)

तु (tu) - indeed (particle of emphasis) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis or contrast.

शरः (śaraḥ) - the arrow (arrow)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṛ

Note: Nominative singular, referring to the same arrow as `sa`.

राजन् (rājan) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (vocative) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

पाञ्चाल्यम् (pāñcālyam) - the Pāñcāla prince (referring to Viraketu, son of the Pāñcāla king) (the Pāñcāla (prince))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāñcālya

pāñcālya - a prince of the Pāñcālas, descendant of Pāñcāla

Derived from `pañcāla` (name of a kingdom/people) + `ya` suffix (indicating descent or relation).

Note: Object of `bhittvā`.

कुलनन्दनम् (kulanandanam) - the delight of his family (delight of the family, joy of the lineage)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kulanandana

kulanandana - delight of the family, joy of the lineage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kula+nandana)

• kula – family, lineage, race
  noun (neuter)
• nandana – delighting, gladdening; a son, child (lit. one who delights)
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from `√nand`
  From root `nand` (to rejoice) + `ana` suffix.
  Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Appositive to `pāñcālyam`.

अभ्यगात् (abhyagāt) - struck (the earth) (went towards, reached, struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhigam

Imperfect (laṅ)

From prefix `abhi` + root `gam` (to go). The augment `a` and `t` ending indicate third person singular imperfect.

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

धरणीम् (dharaṇīm) - the earth/ground (the earth, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dharaṇī

dharaṇī - earth, ground, land

From root `dhṛ` (to hold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Originally a past passive participle of `√tvar` (to hasten).

Root: tvar (class 1)

लोहितार्द्रः (lohitārdraḥ) - covered in blood (wet with blood, blood-soaked)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lohitārdra

lohitārdra - wet with blood, blood-soaked

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (lohita+ārdra)

• lohita – blood, red
  noun/adjective (neuter)
• ārdra – wet, moist, damp
  adjective

ज्वलन् (jvalan) - blazing (as if) (burning, shining)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jvalat

jvalat - burning, blazing, shining

Present Active Participle

From root `jval` (to burn, shine) + `śatṛ` (at) suffix.

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `śaraḥ`.

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.