महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-98, verse-24

द्रोणोऽपि रथिनां श्रेष्ठः पाञ्चालान्पाण्डवांस्तथा ।
अभ्यद्रवत संक्रुद्धो जवमास्थाय मध्यमम् ॥२४॥

24. droṇo'pi rathināṁ śreṣṭhaḥ pāñcālānpāṇḍavāṁstathā ,
abhyadravata saṁkruddho javamāsthāya madhyamam.

24. droṇaḥ api rathinām śreṣṭhaḥ pāñcālān pāṇḍavān tathā
abhyadravata saṃkruddhaḥ javam āsthāya madhyamam

24. saṃkruddhaḥ rathinām śreṣṭhaḥ droṇaḥ api madhyamam
javam āsthāya pāñcālān tathā pāṇḍavān abhyadravata

24. The enraged Droṇa, who was the foremost among charioteers, also advanced against the Pañcālas and the Pāṇḍavas, having adopted a moderate speed.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa, the revered preceptor (Droṇa)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - among charioteers (of charioteers, among charioteers)

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - foremost (best, most excellent, foremost)

• पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pañcālas (the Pañcālas (people/kingdom))

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

• तथा (tathā) - and (and, likewise, thus)

• अभ्यद्रवत (abhyadravata) - advanced against (attacked, advanced against, rushed towards)

• संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - very enraged (very enraged, extremely angry)

• जवम् (javam) - speed (speed, swiftness)

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having adopted (having taken up, having adopted, resorting to)

• मध्यमम् (madhyamam) - moderate (moderate, medium, middle)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa, the revered preceptor (Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a sage, military preceptor of Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - among charioteers (of charioteers, among charioteers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

Derived from `ratha` (chariot) + suffix `-in`.

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - foremost (best, most excellent, foremost)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, superior, chief, foremost

Superlative of praśasya (praiseworthy).

Superlative degree.

Note: Agrees with `droṇaḥ`.

पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pañcālas (the Pañcālas (people/kingdom))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - belonging to the Pañcālas, a resident of Pañcāla; name of an ancient kingdom and its people

Note: Object of `abhyadravata`.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu; the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

Note: Object of `abhyadravata`.

तथा (tathā) - and (and, likewise, thus)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `pāñcālān` and `pāṇḍavān`.

अभ्यद्रवत (abhyadravata) - advanced against (attacked, advanced against, rushed towards)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √dru

Imperfect, 3rd person singular, Ātmanepada.

Root `dru` (to run) with preverb `abhi` (towards).

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Verb for `droṇaḥ`.

संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - very enraged (very enraged, extremely angry)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - very angry, enraged, furious

Past Passive Participle

From `sam` (intensifier) + `krudh` (to be angry) + `kta` (past participle suffix).

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Acts as an adjective describing Droṇa.

जवम् (javam) - speed (speed, swiftness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of java

java - speed, swiftness, velocity

From `ju` (to be quick).

Root: ju (class 1)

Note: Object of `āsthāya`.

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having adopted (having taken up, having adopted, resorting to)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From `ā` (towards) + `sthā` (to stand) + `lyap` (absolutive suffix for verbs with preverbs).

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Connects with the main verb, `abhyadravata`.

मध्यमम् (madhyamam) - moderate (moderate, medium, middle)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madhyama

madhyama - middle, moderate, intermediate

Formed from `madhya` (middle).

Note: Qualifies `javam`.