महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-98, verse-30

संनिरुद्धं रणे द्रोणं पाञ्चाला वीक्ष्य मारिष ।
आवव्रुः सर्वतो राजन्धर्मपुत्रजयैषिणः ॥३०॥

30. saṁniruddhaṁ raṇe droṇaṁ pāñcālā vīkṣya māriṣa ,
āvavruḥ sarvato rājandharmaputrajayaiṣiṇaḥ.

30. saṃniruddham raṇe droṇam pāñcālāḥ vīkṣya māriṣa
āvavruḥ sarvataḥ rājan dharmaputrajayaiṣiṇaḥ

30. māriṣa rājan,
raṇe saṃniruddham droṇam vīkṣya,
dharmaputrajayaiṣiṇaḥ pāñcālāḥ sarvataḥ āvavruḥ

30. O respected one, O king, seeing Drona thus confined in battle, the Pañcalas, who desired the victory of Yudhishthira (dharmaputra), surrounded him from all sides.

Words meanings summery:

• संनिरुद्धम् (saṁniruddham) - surrounded, confined, blocked

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pañcalas (people from the Pañcala kingdom)

• वीक्ष्य (vīkṣya) - having seen, seeing

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected one, O noble one

• आवव्रुः (āvavruḥ) - they surrounded, they covered

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, all around

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• धर्मपुत्रजयैषिणः (dharmaputrajayaiṣiṇaḥ) - The Pañcalas are fighting for Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava. (desirous of the victory of the son of (dharma) Yudhishthira)

Words meanings and morphology

संनिरुद्धम् (saṁniruddham) - surrounded, confined, blocked

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃniruddha

saṁniruddha - surrounded, confined, blocked, impeded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'rudh' (to obstruct) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ni'.

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: rudh (class 7)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, fight

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of a warrior and teacher)

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pañcalas (people from the Pañcala kingdom)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a man from the Pañcala country; the Pañcalas (the people of the Pañcala kingdom)

वीक्ष्य (vīkṣya) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root 'īkṣ' (to see) with the prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected one, O noble one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - respected, noble; a term of respectful address

आवव्रुः (āvavruḥ) - they surrounded, they covered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Perfect (liṭ) of ā-vṛ

Root 'vṛ' (to cover) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, all around

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

धर्मपुत्रजयैषिणः (dharmaputrajayaiṣiṇaḥ) - The Pañcalas are fighting for Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava. (desirous of the victory of the son of (dharma) Yudhishthira)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmaputrajayaiṣin

dharmaputrajayaiṣin - desiring the victory of the son of Dharma

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa-Bahuvrīhi (dharma+putra+jaya+eṣin)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitutional principle
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• jaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
• eṣin – desiring, wishing, seeking
  adjective
  Agent noun/adjective derived from root 'iṣ'.
  Root: iṣ (class 4)