महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-98, verse-47

स गाढविद्धो बलिना भारद्वाजो महायशाः ।
निषसाद रथोपस्थे कश्मलं च जगाम ह ॥४७॥

47. sa gāḍhaviddho balinā bhāradvājo mahāyaśāḥ ,
niṣasāda rathopasthe kaśmalaṁ ca jagāma ha.

47. saḥ gāḍhaviddhaḥ balinā bhāradvājaḥ mahāyaśāḥ
niṣasāda rathopasthe kaśmalam ca jagāma ha

47. saḥ mahāyaśāḥ bhāradvājaḥ balinā gāḍhaviddhaḥ
rathopasthe niṣasāda ca kaśmalam jagāma ha

47. He, the greatly renowned son of Bharadvāja (Droṇa), having been deeply pierced by the powerful Dhṛṣṭadyumna, sat down in the chariot's seat and indeed fell into a swoon.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he

• गाढविद्धः (gāḍhaviddhaḥ) - deeply pierced/wounded

• बलिना (balinā) - by Dhṛṣṭadyumna (by the strong one, by the powerful one)

• भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Droṇa (son of Bharadvāja)

• महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - greatly renowned, very famous

• निषसाद (niṣasāda) - sat down

• रथोपस्थे (rathopasthe) - in the chariot-seat

• कश्मलम् (kaśmalam) - a swoon, unconsciousness, distress

• च (ca) - and, also

• जगाम (jagāma) - went, attained

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (particle of emphasis)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गाढविद्धः (gāḍhaviddhaḥ) - deeply pierced/wounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gāḍhaviddha

gāḍhaviddha - deeply pierced, severely wounded

Compound: gāḍha (deeply) + viddha (pierced, struck).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gāḍha+viddha)

• gāḍha – firm, strong, deep, intense
  adjective (masculine)
• viddha – pierced, struck, wounded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root vyadh (to pierce, strike).
  Root: vyadh (class 4)

बलिना (balinā) - by Dhṛṣṭadyumna (by the strong one, by the powerful one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of balin

balin - strong, powerful, mighty

Derived from bala (strength) with suffix -in.

भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Droṇa (son of Bharadvāja)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - a descendant of Bharadvāja (an epithet of Droṇa)

Derived from Bharadvāja.

महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - greatly renowned, very famous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - greatly renowned, very famous

Compound: mahā (great) + yaśas (fame).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+yaśas)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• yaśas – fame, glory, honor
  noun (neuter)

निषसाद (niṣasāda) - sat down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of sad

Perfect 3rd singular active

Perfect (liṭ-lakāra), 3rd person singular, active voice. Root sad, with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: sad (class 1)

रथोपस्थे (rathopasthe) - in the chariot-seat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rathopastha

rathopastha - chariot-seat, interior of a chariot

Compound: ratha (chariot) + upastha (lap, interior, proximity).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+upastha)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• upastha – lap, inner part, proximity, seat
  noun (masculine)
  From root sthā with prefix upa-.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: sthā (class 1)

कश्मलम् (kaśmalam) - a swoon, unconsciousness, distress

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kaśmala

kaśmala - swoon, faintness, unconsciousness, impurity, distress

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

जगाम (jagāma) - went, attained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of gam

Perfect 3rd singular active

Perfect (liṭ-lakāra), 3rd person singular, active voice. Root gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (particle of emphasis)

(indeclinable)