महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-98, verse-39

स वध्यमानो बहुधा राजपुत्रैर्महारथैः ।
व्यश्वसूतरथांश्चक्रे कुमारान्कुपितो रणे ॥३९॥

39. sa vadhyamāno bahudhā rājaputrairmahārathaiḥ ,
vyaśvasūtarathāṁścakre kumārānkupito raṇe.

39. saḥ vadhyamānaḥ bahudhā rājaputraiḥ mahārathaiḥ
vyaśvasūtarathān cakre kumārān kupitaḥ raṇe

39. saḥ kupitaḥ raṇe bahudhā mahārathaiḥ rājaputraiḥ
vadhyamānaḥ kumārān vyaśvasūtarathān cakre

39. Being struck repeatedly in many ways by the princes, who were great chariot-warriors, Drona, enraged in battle, rendered those young princes without horses, charioteers, or chariots.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (Drona) (he, that)

• वध्यमानः (vadhyamānaḥ) - being struck, being killed, being wounded

• बहुधा (bahudhā) - repeatedly in many ways (in many ways, manifold, often)

• राजपुत्रैः (rājaputraiḥ) - by the princes, by the sons of kings

• महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by the great chariot-warriors

• व्यश्वसूतरथान् (vyaśvasūtarathān) - deprived of horses, charioteers, and chariots

• चक्रे (cakre) - he made, he did

• कुमारान् (kumārān) - those young princes (the young men, boys, princes)

• कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - enraged, angry, infuriated

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the conflict

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (Drona) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वध्यमानः (vadhyamānaḥ) - being struck, being killed, being wounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being struck, being slain

Present Passive Participle

From root 'vadh' (to strike, kill), a derivative of 'han'

Root: han (class 2)

बहुधा (bahudhā) - repeatedly in many ways (in many ways, manifold, often)

(indeclinable)

राजपुत्रैः (rājaputraiḥ) - by the princes, by the sons of kings

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rājaputra

rājaputra - prince, son of a king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by the great chariot-warriors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, a great chariot-fighter

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, car, warrior fighting from a chariot
  noun (masculine)

व्यश्वसूतरथान् (vyaśvasūtarathān) - deprived of horses, charioteers, and chariots

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vyaśvasūtaratha

vyaśvasūtaratha - without horses, charioteers, and chariots

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+aśva+sūta+ratha)

• vi – without, apart, away
  indeclinable
  Privative prefix
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• sūta – charioteer, driver
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

चक्रे (cakre) - he made, he did

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Ātmanepada form. In active voice here.

कुमारान् (kumārān) - those young princes (the young men, boys, princes)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kumāra

kumāra - boy, youth, prince, son

कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - enraged, angry, infuriated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kupita

kupita - angered, enraged, furious

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kup' (to be angry)

Root: kup (class 4)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict