महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-64, verse-57

मारुतेनेव महता मेघानीकं विधूयता ।
प्रकाल्यमानं तत्सैन्यं नाशकत्प्रतिवीक्षितुम् ॥५७॥

57. māruteneva mahatā meghānīkaṁ vidhūyatā ,
prakālyamānaṁ tatsainyaṁ nāśakatprativīkṣitum.

57. mārutena iva mahatā meghānīkam vidhūyatā
prakālyamānam tat sainyam na aśakat prativīkṣitum

57. iva mahatā mārutena meghānīkam vidhūyatā tat
sainyam prakālyamānam prativīkṣitum na aśakat

57. That army, being swept away as a mass of clouds by a great scattering wind, was unable to look back or offer resistance.

Words meanings summery:

• मारुतेन (mārutena) - by the wind, by Maruta (the wind god)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• महता (mahatā) - by a great wind (by a great (one))

• मेघानीकम् (meghānīkam) - a mass of clouds, a cloud formation

• विधूयता (vidhūyatā) - by the wind that scatters (the clouds) (by the one scattering, by the one shaking)

• प्रकाल्यमानम् (prakālyamānam) - (army) being driven away (being driven away, being swept away)

• तत् (tat) - that, this, it

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army

• न (na) - not, no

• अशकत् (aśakat) - was able, could

• प्रतिवीक्षितुम् (prativīkṣitum) - to resist or to look back at the attacking forces. (to look back, to resist, to watch against)

Words meanings and morphology

मारुतेन (mārutena) - by the wind, by Maruta (the wind god)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of māruta

māruta - wind, air, pertaining to Marut

Note: Agent.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

महता (mahatā) - by a great wind (by a great (one))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, extensive

Note: Agrees with 'mārutena'.

मेघानीकम् (meghānīkam) - a mass of clouds, a cloud formation

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of meghānīka

meghānīka - mass of clouds, cloud formation, cloud army

Compound type : Tatpurusha (megha+anīka)

• megha – cloud
  noun (masculine)
• anīka – array, host, army, face
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'vidhūyatā' (being scattered).

विधूयता (vidhūyatā) - by the wind that scatters (the clouds) (by the one scattering, by the one shaking)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhūyat

vidhūyat - scattering, shaking, dispersing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'dhū' (to shake) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhū (class 5)

Note: Adjectival use, modifying 'māruta'.

प्रकाल्यमानम् (prakālyamānam) - (army) being driven away (being driven away, being swept away)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prakālyamāna

prakālyamāna - being driven away, being swept, being carried off

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kal' (to drive, push) with prefix 'pra', in passive voice.

Prefix: pra

Root: kal (class 10)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'sainyam'.

तत् (tat) - that, this, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Adjectival use with 'sainyam'.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military

Note: Subject of the sentence.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अशकत् (aśakat) - was able, could

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of śak

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular imperfect active of 'śak'.

Root: śak (class 5)

प्रतिवीक्षितुम् (prativīkṣitum) - to resist or to look back at the attacking forces. (to look back, to resist, to watch against)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root 'īkṣ' (to see) with prefixes 'prati' and 'vi'.

Prefixes: prati+vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Infinitive.