महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-64, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
ततो व्यूढेष्वनीकेषु समुत्क्रुष्टेषु मारिष ।
ताड्यमानासु भेरीषु मृदङ्गेषु नदत्सु च ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tato vyūḍheṣvanīkeṣu samutkruṣṭeṣu māriṣa ,
tāḍyamānāsu bherīṣu mṛdaṅgeṣu nadatsu ca.

1. sañjaya uvāca tataḥ vyūḍheṣu anīkeṣu samutkruṣṭeṣu
māriṣa tāḍyamānāsu bherīṣu mṛdaṅgeṣu nadatsu ca

1. sañjaya uvāca he māriṣa tataḥ anīkeṣu vyūḍheṣu (ca)
samutkruṣṭeṣu bherīṣu tāḍyamānāsu ca mṛdaṅgeṣu nadatsu (ca)

1. Sañjaya said: 'Then, O respected one (māriṣa), when the armies were arrayed and loud shouts arose, and as the kettledrums were being beaten and the mṛdaṅgas were sounding, then...'

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - The charioteer and narrator to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (Sañjaya (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - Temporal adverb, indicating sequence of events. (then, thence, afterwards)

• व्यूढेषु (vyūḍheṣu) - in the arrayed, in the formed

• अनीकेषु (anīkeṣu) - in the armies, in the ranks, among the hosts

• समुत्क्रुष्टेषु (samutkruṣṭeṣu) - when loudly shouted, in the loudly yelled

• मारिष (māriṣa) - Address to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O respected one! O venerable one!)

• ताड्यमानासु (tāḍyamānāsu) - (when) being beaten, struck

• भेरीषु (bherīṣu) - on the drums, kettledrums

• मृदङ्गेषु (mṛdaṅgeṣu) - on the mṛdaṅgas

• नदत्सु (nadatsu) - (when) sounding, roaring

• च (ca) - Connects clauses or phrases. (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - The charioteer and narrator to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (Sañjaya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (a proper name, narrator of the Mahabharata to Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect (liṭ)

3rd person singular active, root vac takes uva reduplication in perfect.

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - Temporal adverb, indicating sequence of events. (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix tas.

व्यूढेषु (vyūḍheṣu) - in the arrayed, in the formed

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of vyūḍha

vyūḍha - arrayed, formed, drawn up (in order of battle)

Past Passive Participle

From root ūh (to push, arrange) with vi prefix. ḍha is irregular for kta suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

अनीकेषु (anīkeṣu) - in the armies, in the ranks, among the hosts

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of anīka

anīka - army, host, ranks, array

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

समुत्क्रुष्टेषु (samutkruṣṭeṣu) - when loudly shouted, in the loudly yelled

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of samutkruṣṭa

samutkruṣṭa - shouted loudly, yelled, roared

Past Passive Participle

From root kruś (to cry, shout) with prefixes sam and ut.

Prefixes: sam+ut

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

मारिष (māriṣa) - Address to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O respected one! O venerable one!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - respected one, venerable one, sir

Vocative form.

ताड्यमानासु (tāḍyamānāsu) - (when) being beaten, struck

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, plural of tāḍyamāna

tāḍyamāna - being beaten, being struck, being played (of instruments)

Present Passive Participle

From root tāḍ (to strike, beat) with yamāna (śānac) suffix.

Root: tāḍ (class 10)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

भेरीषु (bherīṣu) - on the drums, kettledrums

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of bherī

bherī - kettle-drum, drum

ī-ending feminine noun.

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

मृदङ्गेषु (mṛdaṅgeṣu) - on the mṛdaṅgas

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of mṛdaṅga

mṛdaṅga - mṛdaṅga (a type of drum, often made of clay)

Compound of mṛd (clay) and aṅga (body, limb).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mṛd+aṅga)

• mṛd – clay, earth
  noun (feminine)
• aṅga – limb, body, part, component
  noun (neuter)
  From root añj (to anoint, make clear).
  Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

नदत्सु (nadatsu) - (when) sounding, roaring

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of nadat

nadat - sounding, roaring, making noise

Present Active Participle

From root nad (to sound, roar) with śatṛ suffix.

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

च (ca) - Connects clauses or phrases. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.