महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-64, verse-53

यथोदयन्वै गगने सूर्यो हन्ति महत्तमः ।
तथार्जुनो गजानीकमवधीत्कङ्कपत्रिभिः ॥५३॥

53. yathodayanvai gagane sūryo hanti mahattamaḥ ,
tathārjuno gajānīkamavadhītkaṅkapatribhiḥ.

53. yathā udayan vai gagane sūryaḥ hanti mahat tamaḥ
tathā arjunaḥ gajānīkam avadhīt kaṅkapatribhiḥ

53. yathā vai gagane udayan sūryaḥ mahat tamaḥ hanti
tathā arjunaḥ kaṅkapatribhiḥ gajānīkam avadhīt

53. Just as the sun, rising in the sky, indeed dispels great darkness, so too did Arjuna destroy the army of elephants with arrows feathered with vulture quills.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in which way)

• उदयन् (udayan) - rising (rising, ascending)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, verily, certainly)

• गगने (gagane) - in the sky (in the sky, in the atmosphere)

• सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun

• हन्ति (hanti) - he dispels (he kills, he strikes, he destroys, he dispels)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

• तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness (darkness, ignorance)

• तथा (tathā) - so too (so, thus, in that way)

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (Arjuna (name of a hero))

• गजानीकम् (gajānīkam) - the army of elephants (army of elephants, elephant corps)

• अवधीत् (avadhīt) - he destroyed (he killed, he struck down, he destroyed)

• कङ्कपत्रिभिः (kaṅkapatribhiḥ) - with arrows feathered with vulture quills (with vulture-feathered (arrows))

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in which way)

(indeclinable)

Correlative with tathā.

उदयन् (udayan) - rising (rising, ascending)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udayat

udayat - rising, emerging, ascending

Present Active Participle

From root i (to go) with prefix ud-. śatṛ suffix.

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, verily, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

गगने (gagane) - in the sky (in the sky, in the atmosphere)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of gagana

gagana - sky, atmosphere

Root: gam (class 1)

सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, sun-god

Root: sūv

हन्ति (hanti) - he dispels (he kills, he strikes, he destroys, he dispels)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of han

Present tense, 3rd singular

From root han. lat form.

Root: han (class 2)

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, significant

Present active participle of mah (to be great) used as adjective.

Root: mah (class 1)

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness (darkness, ignorance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, inertia

Root: tam (class 4)

तथा (tathā) - so too (so, thus, in that way)

(indeclinable)

Correlative with yathā.

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (Arjuna (name of a hero))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of the third Pāṇḍava brother), white, clear

Root: ṛj

गजानीकम् (gajānīkam) - the army of elephants (army of elephants, elephant corps)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gajānīka

gajānīka - army of elephants, elephant corps

Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (gaja+anīka)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, host, array
  noun (neuter)

अवधीत् (avadhīt) - he destroyed (he killed, he struck down, he destroyed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of han

Aorist tense, 3rd singular

Strong aorist form of root han.

Root: han (class 2)

कङ्कपत्रिभिः (kaṅkapatribhiḥ) - with arrows feathered with vulture quills (with vulture-feathered (arrows))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kaṅkapatrin

kaṅkapatrin - having vulture feathers (describing arrows), an arrow with vulture feathers

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kaṅka+patra)

• kaṅka – heron, vulture (a type of bird, often associated with arrows)
  noun (masculine)
• patra – feather, leaf, wing
  noun (neuter)

Note: Means "by arrows having vulture feathers".