महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-64, verse-38

शिरसां पततां राजञ्शब्दोऽभूत्पृथिवीतले ।
कालेन परिपक्वानां तालानां पततामिव ॥३८॥

38. śirasāṁ patatāṁ rājañśabdo'bhūtpṛthivītale ,
kālena paripakvānāṁ tālānāṁ patatāmiva.

38. śirasām patatām rājan śabdaḥ abhūt pṛthivītale
kālena paripakvānām tālānām patatām iva

38. rājan śirasām patatām śabdaḥ pṛthivītale
abhūt kālena paripakvānām tālānām patatām iva

38. O King, a sound arose on the surface of the earth from the falling heads, like the falling of ripened palm fruits due to their time.

Words meanings summery:

• शिरसाम् (śirasām) - of heads

• पतताम् (patatām) - of falling (ones)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - a sound

• अभूत् (abhūt) - arose, became

• पृथिवीतले (pṛthivītale) - on the surface of the earth, on the ground

• कालेन (kālena) - by time, in due course

• परिपक्वानाम् (paripakvānām) - of those ripened, of ripened ones

• तालानाम् (tālānām) - of palm trees, of palm fruits

• पतताम् (patatām) - of falling (ones)

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

Words meanings and morphology

शिरसाम् (śirasām) - of heads

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of śiras

śiras - head

पतताम् (patatām) - of falling (ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, plural of patat

patat - falling, flying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root pat (to fall), present active participle, nominative/genitive plural

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śirasām'

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - a sound

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, noise

अभूत् (abhūt) - arose, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

पृथिवीतले (pṛthivītale) - on the surface of the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pṛthivītala

pṛthivītala - surface of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛthivī+tala)

• pṛthivī – earth
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, plain
  noun (neuter)

कालेन (kālena) - by time, in due course

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

परिपक्वानाम् (paripakvānām) - of those ripened, of ripened ones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paripakva

paripakva - ripe, mature, fully cooked

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pac (to cook, ripen) with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: pac (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tālānām'

तालानाम् (tālānām) - of palm trees, of palm fruits

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tāla

tāla - palm tree, palm fruit, cymbal

पतताम् (patatām) - of falling (ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of patat

patat - falling, flying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root pat (to fall), present active participle, nominative/genitive plural

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tālānām'

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)