महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-64, verse-52

आवर्तमानमावृत्तं युध्यमानं च पाण्डवः ।
प्रमुखे तिष्ठमानं च न कंचिन्न निहन्ति सः ॥५२॥

52. āvartamānamāvṛttaṁ yudhyamānaṁ ca pāṇḍavaḥ ,
pramukhe tiṣṭhamānaṁ ca na kaṁcinna nihanti saḥ.

52. āvartamānam āvṛttam yudhyamānam ca pāṇḍavaḥ
pramukhe tiṣṭhamānam ca na kaṃcit na nihanti saḥ

52. saḥ pāṇḍavaḥ āvartamānam āvṛttam yudhyamānam ca
pramukhe tiṣṭhamānam ca na kaṃcit na nihanti

52. Arjuna, the son of Pāṇḍu, killed everyone, whether they were turning back, retreating, fighting, or standing at the forefront.

Words meanings summery:

• आवर्तमानम् (āvartamānam) - one who was turning away (from battle) (one who is turning around, returning)

• आवृत्तम् (āvṛttam) - one who had retreated (from battle) (one who has returned, retreated)

• युध्यमानम् (yudhyamānam) - one who was fighting (one who is fighting)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna, the son of Pāṇḍu (son of Pāṇḍu, Arjuna)

• प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - at the forefront (of the battle) (in the front, at the head, in the presence of)

• तिष्ठमानम् (tiṣṭhamānam) - one who was standing (one who is standing)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• कंचित् (kaṁcit) - anyone (with na, becomes "no one") (anyone, someone)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• निहन्ति (nihanti) - he kills, he strikes down

• सः (saḥ) - he (Arjuna) (he, that)

Words meanings and morphology

आवर्तमानम् (āvartamānam) - one who was turning away (from battle) (one who is turning around, returning)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āvartamāna

āvartamāna - turning, revolving, returning, turning back

Present Middle Participle

From root vṛt (to turn) with prefix ā- and śānac suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

आवृत्तम् (āvṛttam) - one who had retreated (from battle) (one who has returned, retreated)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āvṛtta

āvṛtta - turned back, returned, retreated

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛt (to turn) with prefix ā- and kta suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

युध्यमानम् (yudhyamānam) - one who was fighting (one who is fighting)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhyamāna

yudhyamāna - fighting, engaged in battle

Present Middle Participle

From root yudh (to fight) with śānac suffix.

Root: yudh (class 4)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna, the son of Pāṇḍu (son of Pāṇḍu, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, belonging to Pāṇḍu (specifically Arjuna)

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - at the forefront (of the battle) (in the front, at the head, in the presence of)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pramukha

pramukha - front, chief, prominent, presence

Compound with pra (fore, pre) and mukha (face, mouth).

Compound type : tatpurusha (pra+mukha)

• pra – forth, forward, greatly
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front, chief
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adverbial locative.

तिष्ठमानम् (tiṣṭhamānam) - one who was standing (one who is standing)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tiṣṭhamāna

tiṣṭhamāna - standing, remaining, being present

Present Middle Participle

From root sthā (to stand) with śānac suffix.

Root: sthā (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

कंचित् (kaṁcit) - anyone (with na, becomes "no one") (anyone, someone)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kaṃcid

kaṁcid - anyone, someone, some

From kim (what, who) with particle cid.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

निहन्ति (nihanti) - he kills, he strikes down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of ni-han

Present tense, 3rd singular

From root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni-. lat form.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he (Arjuna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it