महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-64, verse-50

यत्तस्य घटमानस्य क्षिप्रं विक्षिपतः शरान् ।
लाघवात्पाण्डुपुत्रस्य व्यस्मयन्त परे जनाः ॥५०॥

50. yattasya ghaṭamānasya kṣipraṁ vikṣipataḥ śarān ,
lāghavātpāṇḍuputrasya vyasmayanta pare janāḥ.

50. yat tasya ghaṭamānasya kṣipram vikṣipataḥ śarān
lāghavāt pāṇḍuputrasya vyasmayanta pare janāḥ

50. pare janāḥ tasya pāṇḍuputrasya ghaṭamānasya
kṣipram śarān vikṣipataḥ lāghavāt vyasmayanta

50. Other people were astonished by the dexterity (lāghava) of Arjuna, the son of Pāṇḍu, as he swiftly loosed arrows while engaged in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - that which (referring to the action) (that which, because, since)

• तस्य (tasya) - of him (Arjuna) (his, of him, of that)

• घटमानस्य (ghaṭamānasya) - of him (Arjuna) while engaged (in battle) (of one striving, of one being engaged, of one happening)

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

• विक्षिपतः (vikṣipataḥ) - of him (Arjuna) discharging (of one scattering, of one discharging)

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• लाघवात् (lāghavāt) - due to dexterity (from lightness, from dexterity, from swiftness)

• पाण्डुपुत्रस्य (pāṇḍuputrasya) - of Arjuna, the son of Pāṇḍu (of the son of Pāṇḍu)

• व्यस्मयन्त (vyasmayanta) - they (other people) were astonished (they were astonished, they wondered greatly)

• परे (pare) - other (people) (other, subsequent, superior)

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people (people, persons)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - that which (referring to the action) (that which, because, since)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used correlatively with 'tat'.

तस्य (tasya) - of him (Arjuna) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

घटमानस्य (ghaṭamānasya) - of him (Arjuna) while engaged (in battle) (of one striving, of one being engaged, of one happening)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ghaṭamāna

ghaṭamāna - striving, endeavoring, occurring, being present

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root ghaṭ (to strive, to occur) with śānac suffix.

Root: ghaṭ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies tasya.

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of kṣipra.

Note: Adverb modifying vikṣipataḥ.

विक्षिपतः (vikṣipataḥ) - of him (Arjuna) discharging (of one scattering, of one discharging)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vikṣipat

vikṣipat - scattering, throwing about, discharging

Present Active Participle

Derived from root kṣip (to throw, cast) with prefix vi-. śatṛ suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Qualifies tasya.

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Object of vikṣipataḥ.

लाघवात् (lāghavāt) - due to dexterity (from lightness, from dexterity, from swiftness)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of lāghava

lāghava - lightness, swiftness, dexterity, quickness

Derived from laghu (light).

Note: Expresses cause.

पाण्डुपुत्रस्य (pāṇḍuputrasya) - of Arjuna, the son of Pāṇḍu (of the son of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pāṇḍu

Compound type : tatpurusha (Pāṇḍu+putra)

• Pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies lāghavāt indirectly (whose dexterity).

व्यस्मयन्त (vyasmayanta) - they (other people) were astonished (they were astonished, they wondered greatly)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vi-smi

Imperfect tense, 3rd plural

From root smi (to smile) with prefix vi-. Aorist/Imperfect forms.

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

परे (pare) - other (people) (other, subsequent, superior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, supreme, distant, subsequent

जनाः (janāḥ) - people (people, persons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature