महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-64, verse-10

अध्यर्धमात्रे धनुषां सहस्रे तनयस्तव ।
अग्रतः सर्वसैन्यानां स्थित्वा दुर्मर्षणोऽब्रवीत् ॥१०॥

10. adhyardhamātre dhanuṣāṁ sahasre tanayastava ,
agrataḥ sarvasainyānāṁ sthitvā durmarṣaṇo'bravīt.

10. adhyardhamātre dhanuṣām sahasre tanayaḥ tava
agrataḥ sarvasainyānām sthitvā durmarṣaṇaḥ abravīt

10. tava tanayaḥ durmarṣaṇaḥ adhyardhamātre dhanuṣām
sahasre sarvasainyānām agrataḥ sthitvā abravīt

10. Your son Durmarṣaṇa, having stood at a distance of one and a half thousand bow-lengths in front of all the armies, spoke.

Words meanings summery:

• अध्यर्धमात्रे (adhyardhamātre) - at a distance of one and a half thousand bow-lengths (at a distance of one and a half measures, one and a half bow-lengths)

• धनुषाम् (dhanuṣām) - of bows (as a unit of distance) (of bows, belonging to bows)

• सहस्रे (sahasre) - at a thousand (bow-lengths) (at a thousand, in a thousand)

• तनयः (tanayaḥ) - your son (son, offspring)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front of, before, from the front

• सर्वसैन्यानाम् (sarvasainyānām) - of all armies, of all soldiers

• स्थित्वा (sthitvā) - having stood, having remained, having been situated

• दुर्मर्षणः (durmarṣaṇaḥ) - Durmarṣaṇa (name of your son) (Durmarṣaṇa (proper name); difficult to be endured, irresistible)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

अध्यर्धमात्रे (adhyardhamātre) - at a distance of one and a half thousand bow-lengths (at a distance of one and a half measures, one and a half bow-lengths)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of adhyardhamātra

adhyardhamātra - one and a half measures, one and a half units

Compound type : karmadhāraya (adhyardha+mātra)

• adhyardha – one and a half
  adjective (neuter)
• mātra – measure, quantity, unit, (here: bow-length)
  noun (neuter)

Note: modifies implied 'dhanuṣām sahasre'

धनुषाम् (dhanuṣām) - of bows (as a unit of distance) (of bows, belonging to bows)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc, rainbow

सहस्रे (sahasre) - at a thousand (bow-lengths) (at a thousand, in a thousand)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

तनयः (tanayaḥ) - your son (son, offspring)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tanaya

tanaya - son, offspring

Derived from root 'tan' (to extend, to procreate) + 'aya' suffix

Root: tan (class 8)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front of, before, from the front

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'agra' (front, tip) + 'tas' suffix (indicating 'from' or 'in front of')

सर्वसैन्यानाम् (sarvasainyānām) - of all armies, of all soldiers

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sarvasainya

sarvasainya - all soldiers, the entire army

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+sainya)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• sainya – army, host of soldiers, military
  noun (neuter)

स्थित्वा (sthitvā) - having stood, having remained, having been situated

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed by adding -tvā suffix to the root 'sthā'

Root: sthā (class 1)

दुर्मर्षणः (durmarṣaṇaḥ) - Durmarṣaṇa (name of your son) (Durmarṣaṇa (proper name); difficult to be endured, irresistible)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmarṣaṇa

durmarṣaṇa - Durmarṣaṇa (a proper name); difficult to be endured, irresistible, impatient

Prefix: dur

Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)