महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-117, verse-42

क्षीणायुधे सात्वते युध्यमाने ततोऽब्रवीदर्जुनं वासुदेवः ।
पश्यस्वैनं विरथं युध्यमानं रणे केतुं सर्वधनुर्धराणाम् ॥४२॥

42. kṣīṇāyudhe sātvate yudhyamāne; tato'bravīdarjunaṁ vāsudevaḥ ,
paśyasvainaṁ virathaṁ yudhyamānaṁ; raṇe ketuṁ sarvadhanurdharāṇām.

42. kṣīṇāyudhe sātvate yudhyamāne
tataḥ abravīt arjunam vāsudevaḥ
paśyasva enam viratham yudhyamānam
raṇe ketum sarvadhanurdharāṇām

42. sātvate kṣīṇāyudhe yudhyamāne
tataḥ vāsudevaḥ arjunam abravīt
enam viratham raṇe yudhyamānam
sarvadhanurdharāṇām ketum paśyasva

42. When Sātvata (Sātyaki) was fighting with his weapons exhausted, Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) then spoke to Arjuna: "Behold him fighting in battle without his chariot, the foremost (ketu) among all archers."

Words meanings summery:

• क्षीणायुधे (kṣīṇāyudhe) - with exhausted weapons, whose weapons were diminished

• सात्वते (sātvate) - when Sātvata (Sātyaki) was in that state (to Sātvata, in Sātvata)

• युध्यमाने (yudhyamāne) - while fighting, in the act of fighting

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - to Arjuna

• वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)

• पश्यस्व (paśyasva) - behold!, see!

• एनम् (enam) - him, this one

• विरथम् (viratham) - without a chariot, dismounted

• युध्यमानम् (yudhyamānam) - fighting, warring

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle

• केतुम् (ketum) - the foremost, the leader (banner, standard, flag; chief, foremost)

• सर्वधनुर्धराणाम् (sarvadhanurdharāṇām) - of all archers/bow-wielders

Words meanings and morphology

क्षीणायुधे (kṣīṇāyudhe) - with exhausted weapons, whose weapons were diminished

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṣīṇāyudha

kṣīṇāyudha - having exhausted weapons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṣīṇa+āyudha)

• kṣīṇa – exhausted, diminished, destroyed
  adjective
  past passive participle
  Derived from root kṣi (class 5/9)
  Root: kṣi (class 5)
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction, agreeing with sātvate

सात्वते (sātvate) - when Sātvata (Sātyaki) was in that state (to Sātvata, in Sātvata)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sātvata

sātvata - a member of the Sātvata clan; Sātyaki (proper name)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction

युध्यमाने (yudhyamāne) - while fighting, in the act of fighting

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of yudhyamāna

yudhyamāna - fighting, warring

present active participle (ātmanepada)

Derived from root yudh (class 4) with śānac suffix, functioning as an adjective

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction, agreeing with sātvate

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bru

Root: bru (class 2)

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - to Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pāṇḍava prince); white, silver

वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - son of Vasudeva; Kṛṣṇa

पश्यस्व (paśyasva) - behold!, see!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

root dṛś takes 'paśya' as a substitute in present stem

Root: dṛś (class 1)

एनम् (enam) - him, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - this, that, him, her, it

विरथम् (viratham) - without a chariot, dismounted

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viratha

viratha - chariotless, dismounted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – without, apart, dis-
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with enam

युध्यमानम् (yudhyamānam) - fighting, warring

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhyamāna

yudhyamāna - fighting, warring

present active participle (ātmanepada)

Derived from root yudh (class 4) with śānac suffix, functioning as an adjective

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with enam

रणे (raṇe) - in battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

केतुम् (ketum) - the foremost, the leader (banner, standard, flag; chief, foremost)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ketu

ketu - banner, flag, ensign; chief, leader; comet

Note: Agrees with enam

सर्वधनुर्धराणाम् (sarvadhanurdharāṇām) - of all archers/bow-wielders

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvadhanurdhara

sarvadhanurdhara - all archers, all bow-wielders

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+dhanurdhara)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective
• dhanurdhara – archer, bowman, bow-wielder
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: dhanuḥ dharati iti (one who holds a bow)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)