महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-117, verse-20

समेतौ तौ नरव्याघ्रौ शुष्मिणौ स्पर्धिनौ रणे ।
द्विरदाविव संक्रुद्धौ वाशितार्थे मदोत्कटौ ॥२०॥

20. sametau tau naravyāghrau śuṣmiṇau spardhinau raṇe ,
dviradāviva saṁkruddhau vāśitārthe madotkaṭau.

20. sametau tau naravyāghrau śuṣmiṇau spardhinau raṇe
dviradau iva saṃkruddhau vāśitārthe madotkaṭau

20. raṇe sametau śuṣmiṇau spardhinau tau naravyāghrau
vāśitārthe saṃkruddhau madotkaṭau dviradau iva

20. Those two tigers among men, joined in battle, powerful and rivalrous, were like two greatly enraged elephants, fiercely rutting for the sake of a female.

Words meanings summery:

• समेतौ (sametau) - joined (in battle) (united, met, assembled, engaged)

• तौ (tau) - those two

• नरव्याघ्रौ (naravyāghrau) - tigers among men, excellent men

• शुष्मिणौ (śuṣmiṇau) - strong, powerful, spirited, fierce

• स्पर्धिनौ (spardhinau) - competing, rivalrous, emulous

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict, in war

• द्विरदौ (dviradau) - two elephants

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• संक्रुद्धौ (saṁkruddhau) - very enraged, greatly angered, furious

• वाशितार्थे (vāśitārthe) - for the sake of a female elephant (for the sake of a female (esp. an elephant cow in rut, or a female vulture))

• मदोत्कटौ (madotkaṭau) - intensely rutting (elephants) (intensely rutting (elephants), inflamed with passion, extremely arrogant)

Words meanings and morphology

समेतौ (sametau) - joined (in battle) (united, met, assembled, engaged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sameta

sameta - united, joined, met, assembled, come together

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the root √i (to go) with the prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

नरव्याघ्रौ (naravyāghrau) - tigers among men, excellent men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - man-tiger, an eminent man, best of men

Compound type : upamita-samāsa (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, human being, person
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

शुष्मिणौ (śuṣmiṇau) - strong, powerful, spirited, fierce

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śuṣmin

śuṣmin - strong, vigorous, powerful, fierce, spirited

From śuṣma (strength, vigor) + -in suffix.

स्पर्धिनौ (spardhinau) - competing, rivalrous, emulous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of spardhin

spardhin - emulous, rival, competitor, engaged in rivalry

Derived from the root √spardh (to contend, vie, compete) + -in suffix.

Root: spardh (class 1)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, combat, war, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

द्विरदौ (dviradau) - two elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of dvirada

dvirada - elephant (lit. 'two-toothed', referring to tusks)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+rada)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• rada – tooth, tusk
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

संक्रुद्धौ (saṁkruddhau) - very enraged, greatly angered, furious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - greatly enraged, intensely angry

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the root √krudh (to be angry) with the prefix 'sam'. 'Sam' intensifies the meaning.

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

वाशितार्थे (vāśitārthe) - for the sake of a female elephant (for the sake of a female (esp. an elephant cow in rut, or a female vulture))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vāśitārtha

vāśitārtha - for the purpose of a female, for a female's sake

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāśitā+artha)

• vāśitā – a female animal, specifically a female elephant in rut, or a female vulture
  noun (feminine)
  Feminine form of past participle from √vāś (to cry, roar, bellow).
  Root: vāś (class 1)
• artha – purpose, aim, object, sake, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

मदोत्कटौ (madotkaṭau) - intensely rutting (elephants) (intensely rutting (elephants), inflamed with passion, extremely arrogant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of madotkaṭa

madotkaṭa - inflamed with rut (of elephants), intensely proud, arrogant, exceedingly passionate

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mada+utkaṭa)

• mada – rut, intoxication, excitement, pride, passion
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mad (class 4)
• utkaṭa – intense, excessive, prominent, violent
  adjective