महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-117, verse-22

सौमदत्तिस्तु शैनेयं प्रच्छाद्येषुभिराशुगैः ।
जिघांसुर्भरतश्रेष्ठ विव्याध निशितैः शरैः ॥२२॥

22. saumadattistu śaineyaṁ pracchādyeṣubhirāśugaiḥ ,
jighāṁsurbharataśreṣṭha vivyādha niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ.

22. saumadattiḥ tu śaineyam pracchādya iṣubhiḥ āśugaiḥ
jighāṃsuḥ bharataśreṣṭha vivyādha niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ

22. tu bharataśreṣṭha jighāṃsuḥ saumadattiḥ śaineyam
āśugaiḥ iṣubhiḥ pracchādya niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ vivyādha

22. But Saumadatti, intent on killing Śaineya, O best of Bharatas, first completely covered him with swift-flying arrows, and then pierced him with sharpened arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• सौमदत्तिः (saumadattiḥ) - Saumadatti (son of Somadatta, i.e., Bhūriśravas)

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• शैनेयम् (śaineyam) - Śaineya (son of Śini, i.e., Sātyaki)

• प्रच्छाद्य (pracchādya) - having covered completely, having concealed

• इषुभिः (iṣubhiḥ) - with arrows

• आशुगैः (āśugaiḥ) - with swift-moving, with swift-flying

• जिघांसुः (jighāṁsuḥ) - desiring to kill, intent on killing

• भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed by Sañjaya) (O best of Bharatas!)

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he struck, he wounded

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharpened, with keen, with whetted

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

सौमदत्तिः (saumadattiḥ) - Saumadatti (son of Somadatta, i.e., Bhūriśravas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saumadatti

saumadatti - son of Somadatta (an epithet for Bhūriśravas)

Patronymic from Somadatta.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

शैनेयम् (śaineyam) - Śaineya (son of Śini, i.e., Sātyaki)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaineya

śaineya - son of Śini (an epithet for Sātyaki)

Patronymic from Śini.

प्रच्छाद्य (pracchādya) - having covered completely, having concealed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of the root √chad (to cover) with the prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: chad (class 1)

इषुभिः (iṣubhiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of iṣu

iṣu - arrow

आशुगैः (āśugaiḥ) - with swift-moving, with swift-flying

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of āśuga

āśuga - swift-going, swift-moving, swift-flying (an epithet for an arrow)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āśu+ga)

• āśu – swift, quick, rapid
  adjective
• ga – going, moving, a goer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from verbal root
  Suffix -a from √gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'iṣubhiḥ'.

जिघांसुः (jighāṁsuḥ) - desiring to kill, intent on killing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jighāṃsu

jighāṁsu - desiring to kill, murderous, hostile

Desiderative nominal adjective

Derived from the desiderative stem of the root √han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed by Sañjaya) (O best of Bharatas!)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharataśreṣṭha

bharataśreṣṭha - best of Bharatas, most excellent among the Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a king of the Pūru dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective
  Superlative degree of 'praśasta' (excellent).

विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he struck, he wounded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vivyādha

Perfect tense (liṭ) 3rd person singular of the root √vyadh (to pierce, strike).

Root: vyadh (class 4)

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharpened, with keen, with whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharpened, keen, whetted, sharp

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the root √śo/śā (to sharpen) with the prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: śā (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow