महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-35, verse-45

अष्टौ गुणाः पुरुषं दीपयन्ति प्रज्ञा च कौल्यं च दमः श्रुतं च ।
पराक्रमश्चाबहुभाषिता च दानं यथाशक्ति कृतज्ञता च ॥४५॥

45. aṣṭau guṇāḥ puruṣaṁ dīpayanti; prajñā ca kaulyaṁ ca damaḥ śrutaṁ ca ,
parākramaścābahubhāṣitā ca; dānaṁ yathāśakti kṛtajñatā ca.

45. aṣṭau guṇāḥ puruṣam dīpayanti
prajñā ca kaulyam ca damaḥ śrutam
ca parākramaḥ ca abahubhāṣitā
ca dānam yathāśakti kṛtajñatā ca

45. Eight qualities adorn a person (puruṣa): wisdom, noble lineage, self-restraint, erudition, valor, not speaking excessively, generosity (dāna) according to one's capacity, and gratitude.

Words meanings summery:

• अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight

• गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities, virtues, attributes

• पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - a person, a man (puruṣa)

• दीपयन्ति (dīpayanti) - they illuminate, they adorn, they make shine

• प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom, intelligence, discernment

• च (ca) - and

• कौल्यम् (kaulyam) - noble birth, good lineage, nobility

• च (ca) - and

• दमः (damaḥ) - self-control, restraint, subjugation of senses

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - sacred knowledge, learning (that which is heard), scripture

• च (ca) - and

• पराक्रमः (parākramaḥ) - valor, prowess, courage, heroism

• च (ca) - and

• अबहुभाषिता (abahubhāṣitā) - non-excessive speech, not speaking too much, conciseness

• च (ca) - and

• दानम् (dānam) - charity, giving, gift (dāna)

• यथाशक्ति (yathāśakti) - according to one's ability, as far as strength allows

• कृतज्ञता (kṛtajñatā) - gratitude, gratefulness

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight

(adjective)

Nominative, plural of aṣṭan

aṣṭan - eight

गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities, virtues, attributes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, attribute, property

पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - a person, a man (puruṣa)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, human being, person, male, the Cosmic Person

दीपयन्ति (dīpayanti) - they illuminate, they adorn, they make shine

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of dīpay

causative

Causative of root dīp (to shine)

Root: dīp (class 4)

प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom, intelligence, discernment

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prajñā

prajñā - wisdom, intelligence, discernment, knowledge

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

कौल्यम् (kaulyam) - noble birth, good lineage, nobility

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kaulya

kaulya - nobility of birth, good lineage, high family

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दमः (damaḥ) - self-control, restraint, subjugation of senses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, restraint, subjugation, taming

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - sacred knowledge, learning (that which is heard), scripture

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, learned, knowledge (especially sacred knowledge)

Past Passive Participle

From root śru (to hear) + ta suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पराक्रमः (parākramaḥ) - valor, prowess, courage, heroism

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parākrama

parākrama - valor, prowess, courage, heroism, strength, enterprise

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अबहुभाषिता (abahubhāṣitā) - non-excessive speech, not speaking too much, conciseness

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of abahubhāṣitā

abahubhāṣitā - non-talkativeness, conciseness of speech, not speaking excessively

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bahubhāṣitā)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• bahubhāṣitā – talkativeness, garrulousness
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from 'bahubhāṣin' (talkative) + feminine suffix 'tā'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दानम् (dānam) - charity, giving, gift (dāna)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - gift, donation, charity, giving

यथाशक्ति (yathāśakti) - according to one's ability, as far as strength allows

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+śakti)

• yathā – as, just as, in proportion to
  indeclinable
• śakti – power, ability, strength, energy
  noun (feminine)

कृतज्ञता (kṛtajñatā) - gratitude, gratefulness

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛtajñatā

kṛtajñatā - gratitude, gratefulness, acknowledgment of benefits received

Derived from 'kṛtajña' (grateful) + feminine suffix 'tā'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛtajña+tā)

• kṛtajña – grateful, knowing what has been done or received
  adjective (masculine)
• tā – suffix forming abstract feminine nouns (e.g., -ness, -hood)
  suffix (feminine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)