महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-35, verse-33

न देवा यष्टिमादाय रक्षन्ति पशुपालवत् ।
यं तु रक्षितुमिच्छन्ति बुद्ध्या संविभजन्ति तम् ॥३३॥

33. na devā yaṣṭimādāya rakṣanti paśupālavat ,
yaṁ tu rakṣitumicchanti buddhyā saṁvibhajanti tam.

33. na devāḥ yaṣṭim ādāya rakṣanti paśupālavat yam
tu rakṣitum icchanti buddhyā saṃvibhajanti tam

33. The gods do not protect people by taking up a staff, like a cowherd protects animals. Rather, those whom they wish to protect, they empower with intelligence (buddhi).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, divine beings

• यष्टिम् (yaṣṭim) - staff, stick, rod

• आदाय (ādāya) - taking, holding, seizing

• रक्षन्ति (rakṣanti) - they protect, they guard

• पशुपालवत् (paśupālavat) - like a cowherd, like a shepherd

• यम् (yam) - whom, which

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• रक्षितुम् (rakṣitum) - to protect, to guard

• इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - they wish, they desire

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intelligence, with understanding

• संविभजन्ति (saṁvibhajanti) - they bestow, they distribute, they apportion

• तम् (tam) - him, that

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, divine beings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine

Root: div (class 4)

यष्टिम् (yaṣṭim) - staff, stick, rod

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yaṣṭi

yaṣṭi - staff, stick, rod

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Object of ādāya.

आदाय (ādāya) - taking, holding, seizing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root dā (3rd class) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

रक्षन्ति (rakṣanti) - they protect, they guard

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of rakṣ

Present Active Indicative

From root rakṣ (1st class)

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

पशुपालवत् (paśupālavat) - like a cowherd, like a shepherd

(indeclinable)

Formed from paśu + pāla

Compound type : tatpurusha (paśu+pāla)

• paśu – animal, cattle
  noun (masculine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā "to protect"
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: The suffix -vat (वत्) makes it an indeclinable adverb meaning "like" or "as".

यम् (yam) - whom, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the person being protected.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction indicating contrast.

रक्षितुम् (rakṣitum) - to protect, to guard

(verb)

infinitive of rakṣ

Infinitive

Formed from root rakṣ (1st class) + tumun suffix

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - they wish, they desire

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of iṣ

Present Active Indicative

From root iṣ (6th class), present stem is icch

Root: iṣ (class 6)

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intelligence, with understanding

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intelligence, intellect, understanding

Root: budh (class 1)

संविभजन्ति (saṁvibhajanti) - they bestow, they distribute, they apportion

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of saṃvibhaj

Present Active Indicative

From root bhaj (1st class) with prefixes sam and vi

Prefixes: sam+vi

Root: bhaj (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Corresponds to 'yam'.