महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-35, verse-19

विरोचन उवाच ।
न मे सुधन्वना सख्यं प्राणयोर्विपणावहे ।
प्रह्राद तत्त्वां पृच्छामि मा प्रश्नमनृतं वदीः ॥१९॥

19. virocana uvāca ,
na me sudhanvanā sakhyaṁ prāṇayorvipaṇāvahe ,
prahrāda tattvāṁ pṛcchāmi mā praśnamanṛtaṁ vadīḥ.

19. virocanaḥ uvāca na me sudhanvanā sakhyam prāṇayoḥ vipaṇāvahe
prahrāda tat tvām pṛcchāmi mā praśnam anṛtam vadīḥ

19. Virocana said: "I have no friendship with Sudhanvan; we two stake our lives. O Prahlāda, I ask you this: do not speak a lie regarding the question."

Words meanings summery:

• विरोचनः (virocanaḥ) - Virocana (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not

• मे (me) - my, to me

• सुधन्वना (sudhanvanā) - with Sudhanvan

• सख्यम् (sakhyam) - friendship

• प्राणयोः (prāṇayoḥ) - of our two lives (Sudhanvan and Virocana) (of the two lives, of the two breaths)

• विपणावहे (vipaṇāvahe) - we two stake, we two wager

• प्रह्राद (prahrāda) - O Prahlāda

• तत् (tat) - this (referring to the question he is about to ask) (that, this)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

• पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask

• मा (mā) - do not

• प्रश्नम् (praśnam) - question

• अनृतम् (anṛtam) - untruth, lie

• वदीः (vadīḥ) - do not speak, do not say

Words meanings and morphology

विरोचनः (virocanaḥ) - Virocana (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Virocana

Virocana - name of a person, son of Prahlāda

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular Perfect active, root 'vac' with reduplication and vṛddhi

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (pronoun)

सुधन्वना (sudhanvanā) - with Sudhanvan

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of Sudhanvan

Sudhanvan - name of a person, son of Sage Vāyu

Note: Indicates association, 'with Sudhanvan'.

सख्यम् (sakhyam) - friendship

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sakhya

sakhya - friendship

Derived from 'sakhi' (friend).

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asti' (is).

प्राणयोः (prāṇayoḥ) - of our two lives (Sudhanvan and Virocana) (of the two lives, of the two breaths)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of prāṇa

prāṇa - life, breath, vital air

विपणावहे (vipaṇāvahe) - we two stake, we two wager

(verb)

1st person , dual, middle, present (laṭ) of vipaṇ

Present Middle

1st person dual Present middle (ātmanepada), root 'paṇ' with prefix 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: paṇ (class 1)

प्रह्राद (prahrāda) - O Prahlāda

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of Prahrāda

Prahrāda - name of a famous devotee of Vishnu, son of Hiraṇyakaśipu

तत् (tat) - this (referring to the question he is about to ask) (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Object of 'pṛcchāmi'.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Direct object of 'pṛcchāmi'.

पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prach

Present Active

1st person singular Present active, root 'prach'

Root: prach (class 6)

मा (mā) - do not

(indeclinable)

प्रश्नम् (praśnam) - question

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of praśna

praśna - question, inquiry

From root 'prach' (to ask) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Object of 'vadīḥ' (speak falsely regarding the question).

अनृतम् (anṛtam) - untruth, lie

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anṛta

anṛta - untruth, false, dishonest

Compound of 'an' (not) and 'ṛta' (truth).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+ṛta)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• ṛta – truth, order, cosmic law
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'vadīḥ'.

वदीः (vadīḥ) - do not speak, do not say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (injunctive) (luṅ) of vad

Aorist (injunctive) Active

2nd person singular Aorist active (injunctive), root 'vad'. Used with 'mā' for prohibition.

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Used with 'mā' for prohibition.